Food Provenance Flashcards
What is the origin of food
Food provenance
Food provenance means knowing
How food was transported
How food was produced
Where food was grown, reared or caught
How does food provenance help customers when shopping for food
Allows customers to choose specific products eg: N Ireland pork
Assists customers in eating a more seasonal diet eg: strawberries in summer
Purchasing from farmers markets enables customers to engage directly with producers
Increased access to info about where food comes from (food traceability) gives assurance it’s safe to eat (food security) and allows to be traced from farm to fork
Identifies the origin of food eg: comber potatoes
Protects the environment eg: organic crops not spayed with pesticides
Increase food knowledge
Maintains food culture
Improves animal well fare eg: free range eggs
Sustainability means
A way of producing and consuming food that protects the environment and the economy
What does PGI STAND for
Protected geographical indication
What is PGI
When a producer applies to have the name of their product protected under EU law. The food must be produced, prepared or processed in the geographical area the producer wants it associated with
Examples of PGI in N. Ireland
Bramley apples, lough neagh eels, comber potatoes
Examples of PGI in Europe s
Roquefort cheese, champagne, Parma ham, Scottish salmon
Examples of foods that are GROWN
Cereals
Fruit
Vegetables
Herbs
Oil seed
Examples of foods that are reared
Poultry
Beef and veal
Pork
Mutton and lamb
Goat and kid
Game
Examples of food’s that are caught
Fish
Shell fish
Nine steps on growing plant crops
Prepare soil
Sowing seeds
Watering/ rainfall
Fertilising (enriching soil)
Weeding
Protection from pests
Harvesting
Separation
Storage
5 facts about rearing beef animals on the farm
Ear tags on cows
In summer fed outside on grass
In winter brought inside and fed barely and wheat, minérales and vitamins and silage, oat and sugar beet
30 kg of food daily
50 litres of water daily
Taken to abattoir at 2 years and carcasses are left off to be matured
Outline 5 characteristics of intensive farming
High yield crops
Pesticides used to control weeds and pests
Chemical fertilisers used to enrich soil
Animals kept indoors with limited space
Mechanised agriculture
5 characteristics of organic farming
Crop rotation linked to seasons
Hand weeding and natural pest control
Green manure and composting to enrich soil
Animals r given space to move freely
Labour intensive agriculture
5 reasons why consumers buy organic food
They think it’s healthier as ther is no chemical fertilisers, pesticides, herbicides used in production. Animals will only be treated with veterinary medicines if they are ill
Assume it’s more nutritious
Better for the environment as manufactured nitrogen fertilisers products that give lots of greenhouse gases are not used
Greater focus on animal wellbeing from farm to fork.
4 reasons why consumers buy locally produced food
Support local economy
Build links with producers
Reduce food miles
Locally grown fruit and veg may taste better as they are grown in season
Farm to fork definition
Food supply chain, from food in it’s raw form to be ready to eat on a plate
Primary industry meaning
Industry that harvests raw materials from nature, including agriculture and fishing
Yield meaning
The produce of a crop
Pesticide meaning
A substance that destroys pests
Fertiliser meaning
A natural or chemical substance used to make soil more fertile
Intensive farming definition
A large scale operation where profitability and efficiency is prioritised
Organic farming definition
A type of farming that focuses on producing food in ways that minimise harm to the environment
Oily fish examples
Salmon, trout, mackerels, herring, sardines
What is dredging
Dragging metal farmed nets with rakes attached through the sea bed, to release species of shell fish that linger at the sea floor.
Example of fish you would dredge
Mussels
What is Trawling
Drawing a net towed by the boat around a targeted school of fish
Fish normally trawled
Tuna
What is pots and Creels
Cages or baskets that hold species alive until fishermen return to haul their catch. They have one or mor openings and used without bait. The second opening allows fish that are below the legal catch size to escape
Example of fish that are caught with pots and creels
Crab
What is line caught
Single fishing line hook, bait and are reeled manually or mechanically, a jig is a type of hook which is in the end of the fishing line
Fish which are line caught
Mackerel
What is sustainability
About producing and consuming food that protects the environment and economy
What is the global issue of fishing
The consequences of over fishing leads to a decline in numbers of fish, as the fish cannot reproduce quickly enough before they are caught. Eventually some species will disappear
What is the word for fish farming
Aquaculture
4 sustainable fishing practices
Maintain fish stocks and establish a healthy marine ecosystem for the future
Minimise the impact on our environment by managing fishing activity carefully so that other habitats within the ecosystem are healthy eg:sharks, dolphins and seals
Manage fisheries effectively to ensure that they comply with legislation and adapt to environmental change .
Ensure that people who depend on fishing can maintain their livelihood
Examples of fish farmed sustainably (aquaculture)
Salmon, trout, cod, sea bass and mussels
Examples of how aquaculture fish farmed
Using pens
Tanks
Ponds
In open and closed systems
What is a open system in aquaculture
Where fish are contained in more natural bodies of water, such as a pond or sea enclosure
What is a closed system in aquaculture
Where the water is artificially circulated
What is ‘bottom culture’
Involves growing mussels , oysters, scallops and clams on the sea bed and harvesting them by hand, rakes or dredging. Sea weed may also be grown by bottom culture
Where in the UK are salmon mainly farmed
Scottish highlands
Fertilised salmon eggs are usually grown in ….. before being transferred to larger tanks or fresh water lochs
Trays
What spends a significant period of time in fresh water before they are ready to go to sea
Fertilised eggs of salmon
What changes happen that indicate salmon are ready to go to sea and then what happens
Certain physiological and external signals trigger a transformation in the appearance and behaviour of the young salmon. They will be reared in sea water enclosures for one to two years
Once salmon reach the required weight what happens
They are pumped or netted out of their enclosure and slaughtered
What does oily fish give
Omega 3 which is good for heart health
How many portions of fish a week should be eaten in the Uk. And how many reach this target
2 portions of fish a week- one of these should be oily.
Statistics indicate only 28%of the Uk achieve this target
Example of a white fish
Haddock
