food provenance

Question 1

What is a GM crop?

Answer 1

a genetically modified crop that has has its genes altered to give it useful characteristics

Question 2

What are the advantages of GM crops?

Answer 2

crops can have higher yields, crops can be modified to contain extra nutrients, production costs may be cheaper, food may be cheaper for the consumer

Question 3

What are 2 EU regulations for GM crops?

Answer 3

1. GM food has to pass strict safety tests before they can be sold
2. Food that contains GM ingredients (more than 1%) have to be clearly labelled

Question 4

What are the disadvantages of GM crops?

Answer 4

long-term health effects are unknown, could effect the wider environment (lose diversity)

Question 5

Why is primary processing important?

Answer 5

ensures food is safe, easier to transport, doesn’t spoil as easily, looks nicer for consumer

Question 6

How are vegetables primary processed?

Answer 6

washed to remove dirt, insects and chemical sprays

Question 7

How is meat primary processed?

Answer 7

e.g. beef is hung and dried to make it more tender and to improve flavour

Question 8

Milk is…

Answer 8

heat treated to remove pathogenic bacteria

Question 9

What is the process of pasteurisation?

Answer 9

milk is quickly heated to 72C for 15 seconds and then rapidly cooled

Question 10

What is the process of Ultra Heat Treatment?

Answer 10

milk is heated to at least 135C for 1-4 seconds and packed into a sterile container

Question 11

What are the advantages of UHT milk?

Answer 11

can last at an ambient temp for several months

Question 12

What are the disadvantages of UHT milk?

Answer 12

slightly less nutritional value and less taste than pasteurised

Question 13

What is food miles?

Answer 13

distance food travels from farm to fork

Question 14

How is a food’s carbon footprint calculated?

Answer 14

amount of fuel used during growing and production, transportation and the miles consumers travel to buy their food

Question 15

How can CONSUMERS reduce their carbon footprint when shopping?

Answer 15

walk/ cycle to supermarket, shop locally and seasonally, grow your own fruit and veg

Question 16

Why is shopping locally a good thing?

Answer 16

better for environment and local economy, generally fresher, less packaging

Question 17

Why is shopping locally potentially negative?

Answer 17

can be more expensive, seasonal food is not always available, food can spoil quicker with no packaging

Question 18

What is Fair Trade?

Answer 18

ensuring a set of standards are met in production and supply of a product or ingredient

Question 19

How does Fair Trade support low income countries?

Answer 19

provides clean water and good sanity, building of hospitals and schools for education, higher income for farmers

Question 20

Give 3 sweet food examples that are fair trade and what country they are from.

Answer 20

banana - Colombia
chocolate - Dominican Republic
sugar - Guyana

Question 21

Give 3 savoury food examples that are fair trade and what country they are from.

Answer 21

rice - Thailand
nuts - Brazil
coffee - Colombia

Question 22

What are the disadvantages of fair trade?

Answer 22

high carbon footprint/ food miles, not supporting local economy

Question 23

What are the advantages of organic food?

Answer 23

kinder to environment, better animal welfare, less preservatives and pesticides

Question 24

What are the disadvantages of organic food?

Answer 24

expensive (land, lower yields), more vulnerable to disease (lack of pesticides to fight away bacteria)

Question 25

Why is global food poverty increasing?

Answer 25

climate change (floods, droughts), crop failure, lack of resources, economic problems (unemployment, war)

Question 26

How can we help global food insecurity?

Answer 26

sustainable farming, cut down on greenhouse gases, protect welfare of plants and animals

Question 27

Why is packaging needed for food manufacturers?

Answer 27

preserves, prevents contamination and protects damage

Question 28

How can we be more sustainable with our use of packaging?

Answer 28

reuse - glass and jars for home storage, bags for life
reduce - manufacturers avoid excess packaging, use natural fibre wraps/ bags
recycle - sort waste, take to recycling banks

Question 29

What is the primary processing of milk?

Answer 29

milking and heat treatment