Food Processing And Production Flashcards
What does extraction rate mean?
How much of the wheat grain is made into flour during milling process
Extraction rate of whole grain flour
100%
Extraction rate of brown flour
85-90%
Extraction rate of white flour
70-75%
What gets added to flour by law?
Iron, calcium, niacin and thiamin
What are the 3 parts of wheat?
Bran, endosperm, germ
What does bran contain?
Fibre
What does endosperm contain?
Protein (LBV), starchy carb, B vitamins
What does germ contain?
Protein (LBV), fat, iron, B vitamins, E vitamins
What is pasteurisation and why is it done?
Heating milk to 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds to kill harmful bacteria and make it safe for consumers
What does homogenising do?
Mixes cream thoroughly through the milk
Fat content of whole milk?
3.7%
Fat content of semi skimmed milk?
1.7%
Fat content of skimmed milk?
0.1%
Sterilised milk
Heated to 113-130 degrees Celsius for 10-30 minutes then cooled quickly, changes colour + taste, used in camping
Ultra Heat Treated (UHT)
Heated to 135 degrees for 1 second. Minimal effect on flavour, unopened can be kept for months (tuck shop milk)
Domestic preservation methods
Bottling, jam, pickling, freezing, drying, salt