Food Nutrition And Health Flashcards
What is a protein?
A macronutrient
How many essential amino acids do adults need?
8
How many essential amino acids for children need?
10
Sources of protein
Mycoprotein, TVP(texturised vegetable protein), soya, nuts, seeds, pulses, meat, fish, poultry
What does the biological value of a protein mean
The amount of essential amino acids present
What sources are protein LBV
Animal protein sources, mycoprotein, TVP
What sources of LBV
Plant sources,
What is protein complementation
When proteins of LBV can be eaten together to provide all the essential amino acids e.g beans on toast
The Macronutrients are
Fats, proteins, carbohydrates
What are the micronutrients
Vitamins and minerals
Excess protein
Used as enegry
Deficiency in protein
Kwashiorkor
What people need more protein than others
Babies an children-growth, adolescents-growth spurts, pregnant women-for growing baby, nursing mother-for lactation
What is fat made up of
Fatty acids and glycerol
Function of fat
Provides concentrated energy, fat is a source of fat-soluble vitamins ADEK, provides protection for major organs, component of hormones
What are negative of saturated fats
Can increase the cholesterol levels, too much cholesterol can lead to health problems
Sources of cholesterol
Butter, ghee, lard, cream, hard cheese, meat pies, coconut oil
Function of unsaturated fat
Can lower cholesterol
Source of unsaturated fat
Oily fish, nuts, seeds, avocados, vegetable oils, soya beans
What is hydrogenated fat
Making solid fat from a liquid oil
What is trans fat
Can be formed when oil goes through the process of hydrogenation to form a solid. This process occurs as the molecules flip and rotate
Fat deficiency
Babies-could affect growth, could result in a poor supply of fat-soluble vitamin
What 3 groups can carbs be classified into
Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
What are monosaccharides
The simplest form of carbohydrate structure
