Food & Nutrition Flashcards
What is a diet?
What you eat
What is a balanced diet?
right nutrients at required amount to maintain healthy lifestyle
What is a deficiency disease?
people who lack a nutrient for a long time can suffer from
What do kilojoules measure?
Calories, energy
What are nutrients?
raw materials for your body needed for energy, growth & repair, health.
What does MRSGREN stand for?
movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition.
What do carbohydrates do?
Provide energy
What does protein do?
Growth and repair
What are lipids used for?
To provide and store energy.
What is the function of minerals?
16 essential minerals needed in small amounts to maintain health
What do vitamins do?
needed in small amounts to maintain health
What does fibre do?
Keeps food moving through the gut and to keep the digestive system healthy.
What does water do?
around 70% of your body mass is water. It’s needed for chemical reactions in cells which take place in water. It also cools you down as you sweat.
2 examples of carbohydrates?
Cereals, Bread
What are the two main types of carbohydrates?
Starch and sugar
2 examples of protein?
Meat, Fish
Two examples of lipids?
Butter, oil
3 main example of minerals?
Calcium - for teeth and bones
Iron - for haemoglobin in blood
Sodium/salt for nerves
What food can vitamins be found in?
Fruits and vegetables
What food can fibre be found in?
Vegetables, bran
5 main nutrients?
Protein, carbohydrates,vitamins,minerals, lipids
What is malnutrition?
too much or too little amounts of nutrients in your diet.
What does a lack of vitamin a cause?
Blindness
What does a lack of vitamin c lead to?
Scurvy - painful joints + bleeding gum
What does a lack of calcium and vitamin d lead to?
Rickets
What does a lack of iron cause?
Anaemia
What does a lack of protein lead to?
Kwashiorkor - stomach muscles too weak to hold stomach in
How do you calculate your daily BER?
5.4 x 24 hours x body mass (kg)
What does the amount of energy you need depend on?
Amount of energy you need depends on age, weight, height and how active you are.
What is obesity and what does it cause?
if you take in more energy from your diet then you use
20% above of average weight for your height = obese = heart disease, high blood pressure
What is starvation?
when you don’t get enough food to eat = slow growth and weak immune system - infections = irregular periods in women
What solution is used to test starch?
Iodine
What does Benedict’s solution test?
Reducing sugars
What does buirets solution test?
Protein
What colour does Iodine turn if starch is positive or negative?
Straw yellow to blue/black
What colour does Benedict’s turn if sugar is present or not?
Blue = none, green = traces of reducing sugar, orange = moderate, brick ret = large amount
What colour does biuret solution turn if protein is present or negative?
Blue = negative, purple = positive
What does filter paper test and explain.
Filter paper test if fats are present. You rub a peice of your food in the paper and if it leaves a stain (is translucent) it’s Positive but if it doesn’t ( opaque) its negative
What do nutrition labels show?
Nutrition labels show the amounts of different nutrients you need in a food. You can compare the per 30 or 100g of food but you can’t compare the serving because different foods are different sizes.
What is acute malnutrition?
when a person is at immediate risk of dying.
What is chronic malnutrition?
when a person does not grow or develop fully.
What foods turn blue/black in Iodine solution?
Bread, rice, potato however salt doesn’t
Egg albumin and milk powder both have protein because they turned purple. Which has more?
Egg albumin has more protein because it was dark purple while milk powder was light purple.
Give am example of a food/drink that turns brick red in Benedict’s?
Lemonade
Give an example of a food that turns Blue in Benedict’s?
Flour
Give an e maple of a food that turns green in Benedict’s?
Cereal
What foods turned the filter paper translucent?
Butter, biscuits
What food kept the filter paper opaque?
Cereal, bread.
