Combustion

Question 1

What is the word equation for a fuel cell?

Answer 1

Hydrogen + oxygen —> water

Question 2

What is a fuel?

Answer 2

A chemical substance which stored energy can be transferred usefully to make things happen.

Question 3

What ate petrol and diesel?

Answer 3

Fossil Fuels & Hydrocarbons

Question 4

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 4

A substance with only carbon and hydrogen molecules.

Question 5

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 5

Colourless limewater bubbles and turns cloudy/milky if carbon dioxide is present. If it’s not it stays colourless.

Question 6

What is used to show the presence of water?

Answer 6

Cobalt chloride paper is used to show the presence of water. It is blue and turns pink if positive. Stays blue in negative.

Question 7

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 7

The idea of mass is never gained or lost in a chemical reaction. No new atoms are created or no atoms can disappear. Atoms are just rearranged to form a different substance.

Question 8

What is oxidation?

Question 9

Combustion reactions are exothermic what does this mean?

Answer 9

They release energy we can feel as heat.

Question 10

What 3 things are needed for combustion - fire triangle?

Answer 10

Heat, fuel, oxygen

Question 11

What does flammable mean?

Answer 11

Easily burns, spreads fire

Question 12

What does oxidising mean?

Answer 12

Releases oxygen

Question 13

What does explosive mean?

Answer 13

If heated or not handled correctly it can explode.

Question 14

What is a fire extinguisher?

Answer 14

A fire extinguisher cools a fire by stopping oxygen getting to the fuel. It’s important you choose the correct type

Question 15

What should you never use on an electrical fire?

Answer 15

Water because it conducts electricity and you can get a shock. You can use powder or carbon dioxide because it pushes the air containing oxygen away from the flames.

Question 16

What should water also not be used on?

Answer 16

Water also shouldn’t be used on burning oil because it turns to steam and makes the fire spread out. However you can use foam or a fire blanket.

Question 17

What is complete combustion?

Answer 17

When carbon burns in plenty of air and carbon dioxide is formed. It’s called complete because all the carbon reacts fully with oxygen.

Question 18

What is incomplete combustion?

Answer 18

When there is not enough oxygen the carbon will undergo incomplete combustion.

Question 19

Incomplete combustion causes what results?

Answer 19

Carbon dioxide gas
Carbon monoxide gas
Soot

Question 20

What is a pollutant?

Answer 20

They can harm living things and damage the environment.

Question 21

What causes acid rain?

Answer 21

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are acidic gases that cause acid rain

Question 22

Pollutants from vehicles can cause a harmful mixture of particles and gases what are these?

Answer 22

Carbon monoxide kills and id poisonous.
Carbon dioxide is linked to global. warming and climate change
Soot particles cause lunge damage + trigger asthma

Question 23

What is a catalyst?

Answer 23

A substance that speeds up reactions but isn’t used up itself.

Question 24

How do you control a pollutant?

Answer 24

Exhaust gases can reduce pollution, diesel vehicles have a filter to catch soot and others have catalytic converters

Question 25

What is a catalytic converter?

Answer 25

It causes carbon monoxide gases to react with more oxygen to form carbon dioxide.

Question 26

How does acidic rain get produced?

Answer 26

1. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from vehicles, power station and factories rise in the air
2. The gasses dissolve in water vapour
3. Rain is more acidic then normal
4. Acid rains harm plants and people