Food And Nutrition Flashcards
What are nutrients?
Food substances that provide raw materials
Examples of nutrients
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals
What are the 2 main carbohydrates in food?
Starch and sugars
What are liquid fats also called?
Oils
What does fibre do?
Made of plant cell walls and helps to keep us healthy by moving food through the intestines (stopping blockage)
Examples of food containing fibre
Wholewheat cereals and wholemeal bread
What is the test for starch?
2 drops of iodine solution goes blue-black (if present)
What is the test for protein?
5 drops of Biuret solution to a food sample- turns purple if present
What is the test for fats?
Rub small dry food sample on white paper and hold up to the light- greasy mark if fat is present
What is the body’s main source of energy?
Carbohydrates
What is the amount of energy in food measured in?
Kilojoules (kJ)
What is the name of the process that releases energy?
Respiration
What do proteins help with? Examples of protein?
Growth and repair /meat, fish, eggs, cheese
What do we need vitamins and minerals for?
Important for health/ can help with eyesight, skin, repair of bones, making red blood cells
What is a balanced diet?
When your eating the right amounts of a wide variety of foods
What is malnutrition?
Having too much or too little of a nutrient
What can a lack of protein cause?
Kwashiorkor (pot belly)
What can a lack of vitamin A cause?
Night blindness (not seeing well in dim light)
What can a lack of vitamin C cause?
Scurvy (painful joints and bleeding gums)
How is rickets caused? (Weak bones that don’t form properly)
Lack of calcium and vitamin D
What are enzymes?
Substances that speed up the breaking down of large molecules
What are catalysts?
Substances that speed up reactions
