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Biology > Food And Nutrients (8A) > Flashcards

Food And Nutrients (8A) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is carbohydrates for?

A

Nutrient that is used as the main source of energy

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2
Q

Define constipation

A

When the intestines get blocked up.

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3
Q

Define diet

A

The food that you eat.

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4
Q

Define fat

A

Nutrient that is stored to be used for energy in the future. It also helps to keep heat in our bodies

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5
Q

Define fibre

A

Substance found in food that is not used up by the body. It helps to keep our intestines clean

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6
Q

Define mineral

A

Properly called a ‘mineral salt’. It is a nutrient needed in small quantities for health (e.g. calcium).

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7
Q

Define nutrient

A

Substance needed in the diet to provide raw materials.

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8
Q

What is nutrition information

A

Information found on a food packet or label to tell you what is in the food

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9
Q

What is protein for?

A

Nutrient used for growth and repair

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10
Q

Define starch

A

Type of insoluble carbohydrate found in plants.

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11
Q

Define sugar

A

Type of soluble carbohydrate. Glucose is an example of a sugar.

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12
Q

Define vitamin

A

Nutrient needed in small quantities for health (e.g. vitamin C).

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13
Q

What is a balanced diet?

A

Eating a wide variety of foods to give us all the things that we need

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14
Q

What is chemical energy

A

Energy stored in chemicals (like food and fuel)

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15
Q

Define heart disease

A

Disease caused by narrowing of the arteries carrying the blood to the muscles of the heart, which means that the heart muscles do not receive enough oxygen.

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16
Q

What is a kilojoule and how many joules are in 1 kilojoule?

A

Unit of energy used on food packets. There are 1000 J in 1 kJ.

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17
Q

Define pancreas

A

An organ that produces insulin and produces enzymes (which help to break down food)

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18
Q

Define enzyme

A

A chemical that can break up large molecules.

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19
Q

Define faeces

A

Waste food material produced by the intestines.

20
Q

What does insoluble mean?

A

Something that does not dissolve is said to be insoluble

21
Q

What does the large intestine do

A

Organ that takes water out of waste food.

22
Q

What does the liver do?

A

Organ that makes and destroys many substances in the body

23
Q

What does saliva do?

A

A digestive juice. It contains an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar

24
Q

Define soluable

A

Something that is soluble can dissolve in a liquid

25
Q

What does the stomach do?

A

Organ containing strong acid that mixes food up and digests proteins

26
Q

Define artery

A

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

27
Q

Define capillaries

A

Tiny tubes that carry blood

28
Q

What are blood vessels? Name 3

A

Tubes in which blood flows. There are capillaries, veins and arteries.

29
Q

Define respiration

A

Process that releases energy from food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas

30
Q

What does the heart do?

A

Organ that pumps blood around the body.

31
Q

Define vein

A

Blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart

32
Q

Define vein

A

Blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart

33
Q

Name the 5 substances needed to have a balanced diet and give 2 examples of each.

A

Carbohydrates: pasta, bread
Protein: meat, beans
vitamins: fruits and vegetables
Fibre: nuts, wholemeal bread w
Water

34
Q

What is water for?

A

for health (water dissolves substances and fills up cells)

35
Q

What is digestion?

A

Digestion turns large insoluble substances into small soluble ones. The organs of the digestive system help us digest food. Many of them produce enzymes (chemicals that break up food).

36
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions or metabolism in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for digestion, liver function and much more.

37
Q

What in saliva breaks down your food?

A

Salivary amylase

38
Q

What does salivary amylase help break down?

A

Carbohydrates

39
Q

List the main 6 parts of the digestive system

A

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus

40
Q

The carbon dioxide we breathe out is made by ________________

A

Respiration

41
Q

Heat is taken into our bodies from our ________________

A

Surroundings

42
Q

Where does respiration happen?

A

Respiration happens in all living cells

43
Q

What is the main type of carbohydrate?

A

Starch

44
Q

What are fats also called?

A

Lipids

45
Q

What are amino acids? What are their use?

A

Amino acids are molecules from proteins that are digested or broken down, The human body then uses amino acids to make proteins to help the body: Break down food.

Biology (5 decks)

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