Food and Nutrients Flashcards
Learn about Carbs, Fats, etc.
What are nutrients?
Substance that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair body tissue, and obtain energy
What are the 6 sources of nutrients?
Carbs Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water *All can be used by the body as a source of energy
What is Food Energy Supply?
When your body uses nutrients in food, a series of chemical reaction occur inside your cells when energy is released.
What is metabolism?
The chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release this energy.
Metabolism also involves the use of this energy for the growth and repair of body tissues.
What are calories?
- the amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down is measured in units called calories. The more calories a food contains, the energy is contained.
- calories may be equal which would give the same amount of energy, however the nutrients may not be equal which could lead to unhealthy eating (good calories vs bad calories
What are carbohydrates?
- nutrients that are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Their main purpose is to supple energy to your body.
What are simple carbs?
-sugars that are found naturally in fruits, veggies, and milk. Can be added to manufactured food like cookies, candles, and soft drinks. All sugars are converted to glucose when inside the body. (quick energy)
What are complex carbs?
Chemically altered sugars. Starches are main complex carbs. Found in plant foods such as potatoes, grains, rice, oats and wheat. When you eat foods containing starch your digestive system breaks the starch into simple sugars that can be absorbed into bloodstream
-better long term, sustained energy
What are fiber?
type of complex carb, not really a nutrient because it can’t be broken down and then absorbed into bloodstream. Passes out of body without being digested. High fibers are necessary
- helps prevent constipation
- reduces rick of colon cancer
- prevents heart disease:bean, seeds
What are fats?
fats supple body with energy for your cells, maintain body temp. and protect nerves. ounce for ounce twice as many calories a carb
What are saturated fats?
solid at room temperature, animal fat, lard. DAIRY PRODUCTS CAN LEAD TO HEART DISEASE
What are unsaturated fats?
oil
What are vitamins?
nutrients made by living things, required in small amounts and assist many chemical reactions in the body are vitamins, do not provide direct energy
What are far-soluble vitamins?
dissolve in tally materials (A,D,E,K)
What are water-soluble vitamins?
dissolve in water -c all b
