food and digestion

Question 1

Order of processes:

Answer 1

Ingestion , Digestion , Absorption , Egestion

Question 2

Function of Mouth :

Answer 2

The food is chewed and mixed with saliva. This saliva starts to digest the food

Question 3

Function of esophagus :

Answer 3

Muscles move food down in a wave-like motion called Peristalsis, to the stomach after being swallowed.

Question 4

Function of Stomach :

Answer 4

In the stomach acid and enzymes are added to chemically break down the food, so it is small enough to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Question 5

Function of small intestine :

Answer 5

In the small intestine nutrients from foods are absorbed into the bloodstream and carried throughout the body.

Question 6

Function of large intestine :

Answer 6

The remaining food from the small intestine travels here. The large intestine removes all excess water from the remaining food.

Question 7

Function of rectum :

Answer 7

Remaining waste from large intestine is stored here.

Question 8

Function of anus :

Answer 8

Food that cannot be digested leaves the body here

Question 9

Function of Liver :

Answer 9

The liver produces bile and sends it to the gall bladder

Question 10

Function of Gallbladder :

Answer 10

Stores the bile from liver

Question 11

Function of Pancreas :

Answer 11

The pancreas produces enzymes to break down food

Question 12

Why do we need food ?

Answer 12

Food is something that provides nutrients. Nutrients are substances that provide: energy for activity, growth, and all functions of the body such as breathing, digesting food, and keeping warm; materials for the growth and repair of the body, and for keeping the immune system healthy.

Question 13

What is the energy in food measured in ?

Answer 13

Kilojoules

Question 14

Define food groups :

Answer 14

A food group is a collection of foods that share similar nutritional properties or biological classifications.

Question 15

Define nutrients :

Answer 15

a substance that provides nourishment essential for the maintenance of life and for growth.

Question 16

Names of the different nutrients :

Answer 16

Carbohydrates , Protein , Lipids , Vitamins , Minerals , Water

Question 17

Function of Carbohydrates :

Answer 17

Carbohydrates are the body’s primary source of energy and the brain’s preferred energy source

Question 18

Function of proteins :

Answer 18

Protein is needed for the growth, and repair of muscles and other tissue.

Question 19

Function of lipids :

Answer 19

Lipids are needed to provide energy to insulate our organs and create cell-membranes

Question 20

Function of vitamins :

Answer 20

Vitamins are needed for normal cell function, growth, and development. Minerals help to keep your bones, muscles, heart, and brain working properly, and they help release energy from food.

Question 21

Function of Minerals :

Question 22

Function of Water :

Answer 22

Water assists in absorbing food, carrying nutrients, and regulating our body temperature.

Question 23

Define Balance diet :

Answer 23

A balanced diet consists of a variety of different types of food and provided the correct amounts of nutrients necessary for good health. It is also when food taken into the body, produces energy that is taken out of the body by working or exercising.

Question 24

Explain how too much sugar can lead to diabetes :

Answer 24

Too much sugar leads to your pancreas start pumping out even more insulin. Eventually, your overworked pancreas will break down and your blood sugar levels will rise, setting you up for type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

Question 25

Different types of teeth :

Answer 25

Molars , Canines , Incisors

Question 26

Function of Molars :

Answer 26

Used for crushing and grinding

Question 27

Describe Molars :

Answer 27

Large flat-surfaced teeth found at the rear of your jaw

Question 28

Function of Canines

Answer 28

Used for ripping or tearing flesh off bones

Question 29

Describes Canines :

Answer 29

The pointed teeth at the front of the mouth next to the incisors.

Question 30

Function of Incisors :

Answer 30

Used for biting or cutting

Question 31

Describe Incisors :

Answer 31

Incisors are the sharp teeth at the front of the mouth. They are flat with a thin edge.

Question 32

Enzymes involved in Digestion :

Answer 32

Amylase ,Lipase ,Protease

Question 33

Enzymes present in small intestine and their function :

Answer 33

Protease - finished breaking down protein
Other enzymes - break down sugar to glucose

Question 34

which organs are involved in ingestion

Answer 34

mouth , oesophagus

Question 35

which organs are involved in digestion

Answer 35

mouth digest starch , small intestine digest starch , protein , lipids , stomach digest protein

Question 36

which organs are involved in absorbing

Answer 36

small intestine for nutrients , large intestine for water

Question 37

which organs are involved in egestion

Answer 37

rectum stores waste , anus ejects waste

Question 38

Biuret solutions is a mix of what ?

Answer 38

sodium hydroxide , copper sulphate

Question 39

When biuret solution is tested for protein it will turn what colour

Answer 39

purple

Question 40

what is the test for lipids ( fats )

Answer 40

The test for lipids is to rub the food onto brown paper . it will leave a translucent stain .

Question 41

What is used to test for the presence of starch

Answer 41

Iodine

Question 42

Iodine is what colour before testing

Answer 42

yellow / brown

Question 43

Iodine is what colour after testing if in the opresence of starch

Answer 43

black

Question 44

how do you test for the presence of simple sugar glucose

Answer 44

we use benedicts solution , which will be heated by holding the tube above the bunsen burner . It goes from blue to green ( not much sugar ) , yellow , orange ( moderate ) or red ( high ) if glucose is present

Question 45

what nutrient is in coke ?

Answer 45

simple carbs / glucose

Question 46

How can we tell a skull is a carnivore

Answer 46

pointy canines and incisors
pointy molars to tear , grind meat

Question 47

function of villi in the small intestine

Answer 47

increasing the surface area for food absorption and adding digestive secretions.