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Home Ec > Food Addditives > Flashcards

Food Addditives Flashcards

1
Q

Uses of Colourings

A

-Improve Appearnace
-replace lost colour
satisy consumer expectations
give colour to itherwise colourless foods

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2
Q

Examples of Natural colourings and their uses

A

Caramel- sauces
Carotene- soft drinks

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3
Q

Examples of arfticial colourings and their uses

A

Amaranth- blackcurrant products
Tartrazine- soft drinks

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4
Q

Functions of Preservatives

A

Prevents spoilage by preventing microbial growth
Extends shelp life
Prevents food poisoning
Reduces food waste
Greater variety of food availbale

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5
Q

Examples of natural preservatives and their origin and use

A

Sugar- Jam
Origin: Beet/Sugar cane
Salt- Bacon
Origin: Rocks/Sea

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6
Q

Examples of artificial preservatives and their origin and use

A

Sulphur Dioxide- Sausages
Sorbic Acid- Soft fruit/fruit yoghurt
Origin: both made in labs

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7
Q

Functions of Flavourings

A

Add Flavour to food
Replace flavour lost during processing
Enhance flavour

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8
Q

Examples of natural flavourings with orgins and use

A

Sugar- Jam
Origin: Sugar Cane
Salt-Cheese
Origin: Sodium Chloride

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9
Q

Examples of artificial flavourings with origins and uses

A

Ethyl Acetate- Rum flavour
Origin:acid + ethyl alcohol
Amyl Acetate- Pear Flavour
Origin: Tree Bark

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10
Q

Example of a flavour enhancer

A

Monosodium Glutamate- soups, sauces
Origin: Glutamic acid + an amino acid

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11
Q

Functions of Sweetners

A

To sweeten food (natural)
Used in low calorie/diabetic food & drinks (artificial)
Sorbitol used in diabetic food (bulk sweetners)

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12
Q

Examples of natural sweeteners with origin and uses

A

Fructose-Tinned peas
Origin: Fruit
Sucrose- Biscuits
Origin: Sugar beet/Sugar Cane

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13
Q

Examples of artificial sweetners with origin and uses

A

Aspartame-Diet drinks sweetner
Saccharine- Diet drinks sweetner
Origin: Both from coal tar

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14
Q

Example of bulk sweeteners with use and origin

A

Soribitol- Diabetic food
Mannitol- Sugar free gum
Origin: Lichens

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15
Q

Functions of Antioxidants

A

Prevents Oxidation where food is spolied by reacting with oxygen

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16
Q

Examples of natural antioxidants with uses and origins

A

Ascorbic Acid- Fruit Drinks
Origin: Fruit and veg
Tocopherol- Vegetable Oils
Origin: Nuts and seeds

17
Q

Examples of artificial antioxidants with uses and origins

A

BHA- Stock cubes
BHT- chewing gum
Origin: Made in a lab

18
Q

Functions of physical conditioning agents

A

Improve texture and consistency of food
Emulsifiers- form emulsions
Stabilisers- stabilise emulsion
Anticaking agents- prevents lumps forming
Humectants- prevents food drying out
Thickeners- improve viscosity

19
Q

List all Physical Conditioning Agents

A

Emulsifiers
Stabilisers
Poly-phosphates
Pectin
Humectants

20
Q

Emulsifiers

A

Lecithin-Mayonnaise
Origin: eggs
Alginates- Ice cream
Origin: Sea weed
Function- make permanent emulsions

21
Q

Stabilisers

A

Carageen- Ice cream
Origin: Sea weed
Guar gum- Confectionary
Origin: Guar Plant
Function- stabilise emulsions by thickening them

22
Q

Poly-phosphates

A

Magnesium Carbonate- Salt
Origin: Lab
Function- prevents lumping

23
Q

Pectin

A

Used in Jams and Jellies
Origin: fruit cell walls
Function- to set mixtures

24
Q

Humectants

A

Honey Glycerine- Confectionary and sweets
Origin: lichens
Function- absorb water vapour from air ad keep foods moist

25
Q

Legal Control over use of additives in EU

A

must be use in smallest possible effective quantity
colourings not allowed in fresh fruit, veg, meat, poultry, fish
preservatives & BHA,BHT and colourings not allowed in baby food
sweetners not permitted inn food for infants/ young children

26
Q

Regluations for additives under EU law

A

must not reduce nutrient content of food
must not decieve the consumer
must not disguice faulty processing
must not be a health hazard

27
Q

Advantages of Additives

A

improve taste & texture
increase shelf life
reduce risk of food poisoning
food more appealing
increase nutritive value
provide wider variety of food
ensure consistency of quality

28
Q

Disadvantages of Additives

A

Allergues- migraines. hyperactivity, rashes
Little known about combines/cumalitve effect
Some additives can decieve consumers
Some addivitives destroy nutrients
Sweetners can leave a bitter aftertaste

Home Ec (4 decks)

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