Food Flashcards
Factors influencing consumer food practices
Culture/traditions, religion, socio-economic status, education, attitudes and values, emotions, influence of others.
How culture/traditions influence consumer food practices
Different cultural groups settled around the world with the result we have an opportunity to each to Eat food from each of the countries E.G.sausage from Germany, sushi from Japan, curries from India
How the Islam faith influences consumer food practices
Only halaal food maybe eaten ; animals must be slaughtered according to prescribed methods. Pork and alcohol or food containing alcohol is avoided
How the Jewish faith Influences consumer food practices
Only kosher meat is eaten.
Blood should flow from the meat before it is eaten.
Pork and shellfish are avoided.
Meat and dairy products are not eating together
How will the Christian religion influences consumer food practices
Any food maybe eating
pickled fish is very popular during Easter
How’s the Hindu religion affects consumer food practices
Mostly vegetarians, beef is not eaten, since cows are considered sacred Pork is considered unclean. Milk and dairy products are eating. No alcohol is used
How the Buddhist religion influences consumer food practices
Mostly vegetarians because they believe that animals should not be hurt. Meat may, however, be eaten.
Some Buddhist also eat fish
How socio-economic status affects consumer food practices
Money determines how much and what type of food is bought and eaten. People are divided into low middle or high socio-economic groups according to their income, level of education, occupation and social status in community
Low Socio-economic group
Largest percentage of the income is spent on basic food,
they have to buy What they can afford
they find it difficult to prepare a balanced meals due to lack of funds and food types,
they are limited to the shops in the neighbourhood, which are More expensive than supermarkets and do not Sell variety of foods
diet is usually not balanced, and excessive intake of cheaper carbohydrates could lead to obesity,
a nutritious meal can also be Cheap, if cheaper foods like dried beans, eggs, maze meal and pilchards are used
Middle and high Socio-economic group
A lot of money can be spent on foods high in fat and sugar, which could lead to diet/related diseases.
There is no money available to buy food, there is less time to prepare food you to leading hectic life with many social activities.
They often make use of convenience foods and frequently eat out in restaurants.
They can choose where they want to shop.
A good income does not necessarily guarantee well-balanced, nutritious meals, but there is a greater variety to choose from
How education influences can see my food practices
Lack of knowledge can be a cause of malnutrition
More knowledge could lead to good and healthy food choices.
More knowledge could help a person make good choices despite a low-budget
How attitudes and values influence consumer food practices
Positive memories of favourite foods from my childhood, environmentally conscious people who prefer organically grown fruit and meat, and vegetarians – all examples Of preferences
Negative memories because your parents force you to eat certain foods, bad experience of the eating you certain type of food, for example food poisoning – examples of dislikes
How emotions influence consumer food practices
Comfort eater. It’s food to Bring relief in a crisis situation
Habitual eater– it’s when they are bored, without being aware.
regular Eater – tends to skip breakfast, eat a lot of junk food
Overeager- Overeats in times of stress
PMS – ETA-A week before and station, girls and women are prone to impulse of eating
How influence of others affect consumer food practices
PEers– it’s what is his/her friends eat during break.
Family – children and eating habits from their parents.
Advertise meant, magazines, TV – aimed at teenagers, trying to convince them to eat junk food
Definition of nutrition
This is the way food and nutrients are ingested by the body, absorbed and used for energy, growth and a healthy body
Malnutrition definition
Occurs when too many or too few nutrients are ingested as a result of a poor diet
Nutrients
Proteins – build and repair tissues
fats and carbohydrates – provide energy
vitamins – protect against diseases
Diet definition
This includes all the food we eat daily
Balanced diet
A diet containing sufficient quantities of essential nutrients from all six basic food groups that a person needs for healthy growth and activity
Meal patterns
The number of times that a person eats per day
Meal plan
This indicates the food is eaten during the course of one day
Menu
A menu is a list of the dishes that will be served during a meal
South African based dietary guidelines
Enjoy a variety of foods.
The active.
Drink lots of clean, safe water.
Make starch is the basis of most meals.
Eat lots of fruit and vegetables every day.
Eat dried beans, peas, lentils and soya beans regularly.
Chicken, fish, milk, meat or eggs can be eaten every day.
Limit consumption Of facts.
Limit consumption of salt.
If you drink alcohol, drink sensibly.
Use food or drinks not contain sugar sparingly.
Why do we need to eat a variety of foods
So that we can eat food from all six food groups daily so that we get all the important nutrients
Why do we need to be active
Exercise daily to increase your Metabolic rate.
Regular exercise prevents heart diseases such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes.
Regular exercise strengthens bones and muscles.
During exercise, energy is burnt and this helps with weight management
Why do we need to drink lots of clean safe water
Water regulates a number of important processes in the body.
BOil drinking water if you are unsure of its safety.
Drink 6–8 glasses of water daily.
Too little water needs to dehydration and fatigue.
Why do we need to make starch is the basis of most meals
Starches include maze meal, bread, rice, potatoes, porridge, pasta and breakfast cereals. These products are cheap, readily available, filling and provide energy. Choose whole grain products that are high in fibre in order to reduce constipation and risk of colon cancer. Choose wholegrain over. White stuff
Why do we need to eat lots of fruits and vegetables every day
Eat fresh fruits and vegetables with skin on for more nutritional value in fibre.
They contain vitamins that help protect body and contains water.
They contain little to no facts.
Antioxidants (molecules that bind with free radicals and make them inactive or decrease In number) in fruits and vegetables to help prevent certain types of cancer.
Do you not add extra fat, will, sugar or Saltzman prepping all serving fresh fruit and vegetables
Why do we need to eat beans and stuff regularly
They have a: high protein content, no – fat content, high in fibre, low GI (glycaemic index) rich in vitamins and minerals, much cheaper than meat products
Why chicken fish milk meat or eggs can be eaten every day
They contain proteins, which I essential for growth and building and repairing tissues.
Stripped and take of redmeat to 4 times a week, it is high in saturated fat and can lead to heart disease. If this food is too expensive, replace it with beans or legumes.
Include oily fish 2–3 times per week as it contains omega three fatty acid‘s which reduce the risk of blood clot‘s and heart disease which also contains calcium in edible burns that could prevent osteoporosis
Why we must limits consumption of facts
That is needed for energy and to keep us warm, it contains and sensual fatty acids and vitamin a, D, E and K.
However, too much fat needs to obesity, increased risk of heart problems, high blood pressure, cancer and type two diabetes.
Try to replace saturated fats with unsaturated fat‘s.
Always choose no fat or fat free products, you sprain cook instead of oil/patch/fat for frying food.
Grill or bake foods instead of frying it.
Greased baking utensils with spray and cook.
Removed all visible fat for meat before eating.
Remove skin from chicken before cooking.
Lean-cuts of meat.
Use low-fat milk inside a full cream.
Drain access oil from fried foods.
His lower – but dressing/you’re going on silence.
Limit butter intake
Why we have to limit consumption of salt
Souls is needed to maintain the fluid balance in the body.
Too much salt can lead to High blood pressure , Which can lead to heart disease and stroke.
Suggestion is to reduce salt in diet:
use fresh herbs and spices instead of salt taste food before adding salt, limit intake of salty snacks, he is old substitutes with low sodium content, check labels full sodium content
Why we have to drink alcohol sensibly
Alcohol contains no nutrients, but has a high kilojoule content. Never take alcohol with medication. Never drive after you have consumed alcohol.
Why we need to use foods or Drinks that contain sugar sparingly
Too much sugar leads to a B city and the tooth decay. Suggestion is to reduce sugar in the diet: replace sugar in coffee/tea with sweet now, do not add sugar to fruit or porridge, use Sugar-free/artificially sweet and soft rinks, yoghurt, journeys and custard. Use sugar – free sweets and chocolate snacks. Read labels for sugars such as glucose, fructose,sucrose and dextrous
South African food guide pyramid
Includes the six food groups,
indicates relative amounts that should be consumed from each food group day,
foods at the base must be eat most foods at the top must be eaten less,
Portion sizes depend on your energy needs
Macronutrients
Needed in large quantities,
provide the body with energy and have a constructive function.
They include: proteins, carbohydrates, fats
Energy needs
We get energy through the food we eat and chemical reactions that release energy In our cells.
For 1 g of protein how much kilojoules does it provide
17 kJ of energy
For 1 g of carbohydrates how much energy does it provide
17 kJ of energy
1 g of fat how much energy does it provide
38 kJ
What is the recommended percentage of daily intake of proteins, carbohydrates, fats
15% from proteins,
55% from carbohydrates (with a maximum of 10% from refined carbohydrates) 30%
energy from Fats (with a maximum of 10% of saturated fat’s)
Micronutrients
Are needed in small quantities by the body,
essential for overall health,
have the protective function,
they include: vitamins– water-soluble (vitamin B, C) and fat Soluble (vitamins A, D, E, K
Minerals – E.G.calcium phosphorus and Iron
Energy balance
Energy is needed for your BMR, Energy intake depends on how active the person is, gender, age. A balanced diet equals energy intake equals energy consumption, if more energy is injested than it needs then remaining in Energy is stored in the form of that
Six basic food groups
Grains and grain products, fruit and vegetables, milk and milk products, meat and meat alternatives, fat sugar and alcohol drinks.
The principles of meal planning
Use the S a food-based dietary guidelines,
eat recommended servings and portion sizes,
not all meals must include all food groups, be aware of foods with high fat sugar and salt,
keep your budget in mind, keep food choices of your family in mind
Keep mil patterns, a meal plan and menus in mind
meal patterns
The number of times that a person eats per day
