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Réaction des fonctions chimiques > Fonctions chimiques > Flashcards

Fonctions chimiques Flashcards

1
Q

Alcène + KMnO4 dilué à T° ambiante

A

Diol 1,2 Syn +MnO2 (précipité noir)

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2
Q

Alcène + piracide

A

époxyde + acide carboxylique

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3
Q

époxyde + (-)OH

A

Diol 1,2 Anti

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4
Q

Alcène + O3 / H2O2

A

Cétone + Acide Carboxylique

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5
Q

Alcène + O3 / H2O2 + Zinc (Zn)

A

Cétone + Aldéhyde

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6
Q

Alcène +KMnO4 concentré

A

Cétone +Acide carboxylique

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7
Q

3 Alcène + BH3 + H2O2 / (-)OH

A

Alcools le (-) substitué (anti-markovnikov)

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8
Q

3 Alcènes + H2O / H(+)

A

Alcools le (+) substitué (markovnikov)

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9
Q

Alcyne + KMnO4 concentré ou O3 / H2O

A

2 acides carboxyliques

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10
Q

Alcyne terminal + KMnO4 concentré ou O3 / H2O

A

acide carboxylique + CO2

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11
Q

3 Alcyne terminale + BH3 + H2O / (-)OH

A

3 Aldéhydes

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12
Q

Alcyne terminale +H2O / H(+) + HgSO4

A

Cétone

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13
Q

Alcyne terminal + Base

A

Ion Acétylénure (TB nucléophile)

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14
Q

Ion Acétylénure + Électrophile

A

Addition de l’E(+) sur l’acétylénure

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15
Q

Alcène + H2 + catalyseur (Palladium, Nickel ou Platine)

A

Alcane cis

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16
Q

Alcyne + H2 + catalyseur (Palladium, Nickel ou Platine)

A

Alcane après 2 cis additions

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17
Q

Alcyne + H2 + Palladium de Lindlar

A

Alcène Z

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18
Q

Alcyne + Na / NH3 à -30°C

A

Alcène E

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19
Q

R-X + Mg dans solvant organique avec X=Cl, Br ou I

A

R-Mg-X (Organomagnésien)

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20
Q

R-MgX + Acide (pKa < 40)

A

R-H

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21
Q

R-MgX + H2O

A

R-H

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22
Q

R-MgX + R1-OH

A

R-H +R1O(-)

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23
Q

R-MgX + Phénol

A

RH + Phénate [Ph-O(-)]

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24
Q

R-MgX + R1COOH

A

RH + R1COO(-)

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25
Q

R-MgX + Alcyne terminal

A

RH + Ion Acétylénure

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26
Q

R-MgX + R1-NH2

A

RH + R1-NH(-)

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27
Q

R-MgX + R1-X

A

R-R1

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28
Q

R-MgX + Orthoformiate d’éthyle

A

Acétal

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29
Q

R-MgX + époxyde

A

Alcoolate

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30
Q

R-MgX + Formaldéhyde

A

Alcool primaire

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31
Q

R-MgX + Aldéhyde

A

Alcool secondaire

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32
Q

R-MgX + Cétone

A

Alcool tertiaire

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33
Q

R-MgX + CO2 puis H2O

A

Acide Carboxylique

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34
Q

R-MgX + Chlorure d’acide à basse T° (-30°C) puis H2O

A

Cétone

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35
Q

2 R-MgX + ester

A

Alcool tertiaire

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36
Q

R-MgX + Nitril

A

Cétone + Ammonium

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37
Q

R-X + H2O

A

R-OH

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38
Q

R-X + (-)OH

A

R-OH

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39
Q

Époxyde + Nucléophile

A

Alcool sur le C le (-) encombré

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40
Q

Ester + H20 / H(+) + chauffage

A

Acide Carboxylique + Alcool

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41
Q

Ester + H2O / (-)OH

A

Carboxylate + Alcool

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42
Q

Dérivé carbonylé + H2 + Catalyseur (Pd, Pt, ou Ni) à 100°C à 10 bar

A

Alcool

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43
Q

Dérivé carbonylé + Réducteur dans un solvant organique

A

Alcool

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44
Q

R-OH + Base

A

Alcoolate

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45
Q

R-OH + H-X

A

R-X

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46
Q

3 R-OH + PX3

A

3 R-X

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47
Q

Benzène + R-OH + H2O/H(+)

A

Be-R

48
Q

Alcool + H2O/H(+)

A

Alcène le (+) substitué (Zaitsev)

49
Q

R-O(-) + R2-X

A

R-O-R2

50
Q

2 R-OH + H2O/H(+)

A

R-O-R

51
Q

Cétone + Diol

A

Cétal

52
Q

Aldéhyde + Diol

A

Acétal

53
Q

Cétal + H2O/H(+)

A

Cétone + Diol

54
Q

Acétal + H2O/H(+)

A

Aldéhyde + Diol

55
Q

Alcool + Acide Carboxylique en milieu acide à chaud

A

Ester

56
Q

Alcool + Chlorure d’acide avec Et3N à T° ambiante

A

Ester

57
Q

R-OH + Anhydride d’acide +Et3N

A

Ester

58
Q

R-OH +R2-SO2-Cl +Et3N

A

R-O-SO2-R2

59
Q

Alcool primaire + Oxydant fort

A

Acide Carboxylique

60
Q

Alcool secondaire + Oxydant fort

A

Cétone

61
Q

Alcool primaire + Oxydant faible

A

Aldéhyde

62
Q

Alcool secondaire + Oxydant faible

A

Cétone

63
Q

Oxydant fort

A

KMnO4, K2Cr2O3, HNO3 ou CrO3/ H2O

64
Q

Oxydant faible

A

CrO3 + pyridine ou H202 ou I2

65
Q

Phénol + Base

A

Phénate

66
Q

Phénate + R-X

A

Phe-O-R

67
Q

Phe-OH + HNO3 +H2SO4

A

para NO2-Phe-OH

68
Q

Phe-OH + X2 + FeX3

A

X-Phe-OH en para

69
Q

Phe-O-R + R1-X +AlX3

A

R1-Phe-O-R en para

70
Q

Phe-O-R + R1-CO-Cl +AlCl3

A

R1-CO-Phe-O-R en para

71
Q

Phe-OH + 1)NaOH + 2) CO2 + 3) H2O/H(+)

A

COOH-Phe-OH en ortho(Acide salicylique)

72
Q

Acide Salycilique + Acide Acétique (CH3-CO-O-CO-CH3)

A

Acide Acétal Salycilique (= Aspirine) + CH3-COOH

73
Q

Phe-OH +1) NaOH (Base) +2) CH2=CH-CH2-Br +3) chauffage

A

CH2=CH-CH2-Phe-OH en ortho

74
Q

R-SH (thiol) + 1) Base + 2) R2-X

A

R-S-R2 (sulfure)

75
Q

R-SH (thiol) + R2-CO-CL +Et3N

A

R-S-CO-R2 (Thioester)

76
Q

2 R-SH (thiol) +oxydant faible

A

R-S−S-R (disulfures)

77
Q

R1-S-R2 (sulfure) + oxydant faible

A

R1-SO-R2 (sulfoxyde)

78
Q

R-SH (thiol) + oxydant fort

A

R-SO2-OH (Acide sulfonique)

79
Q

R1-S-R2 (sulfure) + oxydant fort

A

R1-SO2-R2 (Sulfone)

80
Q

R1-NH2 + 3 R2-X +K2CO3

A

R1-N(+)-3R2 (sel d’ammonium quaternaire)

81
Q

Sel d’ammonium quaternaire + 1) AgOH + 2)chauffage

A

Alcène le (-) substitué (seule exception à la règle de zaitsev)

82
Q

R-NH2 + époxyde

A

beta-amino-alcool

83
Q

Amine primaire + aldéhyde ou cétone en milieu acide à chaud

A

Imine

84
Q

Imine +NaBH4 en milieu basique

A

Amine secondaire

85
Q

R-NH2 +R2-CO-Cl +Et3N

A

R1-CO-NH-R (Amide)

86
Q

Phe-NH2 (Amine primaire aromatique) + NaNO2 +HCl

A

Phe-N2(+) (sel de diazonium)

87
Q

Phe-N2(+) + CuCl

A

Phe-Cl

88
Q

Phe-N2(+) + CuBr

A

Phe-Br

89
Q

Phe-N2(+) + CuCN

A

Phe-CN

90
Q

Phtalimide + R-X + K2CrO3

A

Phtalimide-R

91
Q

Phtalimide-R + NH2-NH2

A

R-NH2

92
Q

Phtalimide-R + (-)OH

A

R-NH2

93
Q

Phtalimide-R + H2O/H(+)

A

R-NH3(+)

94
Q

R-CN +LiAlH4 (réducteur fort)

A

R-CH2-NH2 (amine primaire)

95
Q

Imine + NaBH4 (réducteur doux)

A

amine secondaire

96
Q

R-CO-NH2 (Amide primaire) + LiAlH4 (réducteur fort)

A

R-CH2-NH2 (amine primaire)

97
Q

R1-CO-NH-R2 (Amide secondaire) + LiAlH4 (réducteur fort)

A

R1-CH2-NH-R2 (Amine secondaire)

98
Q

Phe-NO2 +LiALH4 (réducteur fort)

A

Phe-NH2

99
Q

Benzène + R-CO-Cl +AlCl3

A

Phe-CO-R

100
Q

R-MgX +R2-CN puis H2O/H(+)

A

Cétone

101
Q

Dérivé carbonylé + amine secondaire

A

énamine

102
Q

Énamine cyclique + 1)CH3-I +2) H2O/H(+)

A

Mono-alkylation sur le C en alpha de la fonction carbonyle

103
Q

Cétone + CN(-) (ion cyanure) +HCN

A

Cyanhydrine

104
Q

Aldose à n carbone +1) CN(-) / HCN +2) H2 / Pd de Lindlar + 3) H2O/H(+)

A

Aldoses à n+1 Carbones

105
Q

R1-CHX-R2 + P-Ph3

A

R1-CHP(+)PH3-R2 (sel de phosphonium)

106
Q

R1-CHP(+)PH3-R2 (sel de phosphonium) + base forte

A

R1-C(-)P(+)PH3-R2 (Ylure de phosphore)

107
Q

Ylure de phosphore + Cétone

A

Alcène

108
Q

Carbonyle (avec H sur un C alpha de la fonction carbonyle) en milieu acide

A

Énol

109
Q

Carbonyle (avec H sur un C alpha de la fonction carbonyle) en milieu basique

A

Énolate

110
Q

R1-CO-CH2-R2 +X2 en milieu acide

A

R1-CO-CHX-R2

111
Q

R1-CO-CH-R2 +3 X2 +4 OH(-)

A

R1-COO(-) + R2-CX3

112
Q

2 R-CO-CH3 en milieu basique

A

Aldol (Cétone béta-hydroxylée)

113
Q

Phe-CHO + Ch3-CHO en milieu basique

A

Phe-C(OH)-CH2-CHO

114
Q

CH3-CO-(CH2)2-COH en milieu basique

A

Aldol cyclique

115
Q

Aldol + H(+) -H2O à chaud

A

dérivé carbonylé alpha, béta insaturé

116
Q

Aldol en milieu basique à chaud

A

dérivé carbonylé alpha, béta insaturé

Réaction des fonctions chimiques (1 decks)

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