FON Health and Wellness In The Older Adults Flashcards

Question

Gastrointestinal system continued

Answer 1

1. Common concerns Cancer Incontinence Bleeding 2. Nursing interventions: ask Why is the nurse doing this?

Answer 2

1. Age related changes Decreased kidney function Decreased a bladder capacity and tone Prostate enlargement 2. Common concerns Incontinence: Not a normal part of Aging Painful penetration and during sex Nocturia 3. Nursing interventions

Answer 3

Stress incontinence: Increased abdominal pressure Urge incontinence: After need to void Functional incontinence: Can’t get to bathroom Treatment Options are exercise

Answer 4

1.Age related changes Loss of structural elasticity Modifiable risk factors Racial disparities 2. Common Concerns Orthostatic hypotension Hypertension CAD & PVD peripheral artery disease and coronary artery disease Dysrhythmias Intermittent claudication which is pain and cramping in lower extremities Nursing interventions: photo

Answer 5

1. Age related changes Decreased elasticity Hemoglobin with decreased 02 carrying capacity Kyphosis Table 33.7 (starred) photo 2. Common concerns COPD: 3 types (Hedden: Bronchitis emphysema and asthma) Pneumonia Lung cancer 3. Nursing Pulmonary hygiene Smoking cessation

Answer 6

1. Age related changes Decrease in the number and size of muscle fibers Decrease joint elasticity Decreased estrogen levels 2. Common concerns Arthritis Fall prevention Hip fractures Osteoporosis 3. Nursing interventions

Answer 7

1. Age related changes Decreased hormone production 2. How many concerns Type two diabetes (DM adult onset) Nursing interventions: education, foot injury prevention 3. Common concerns Hypothyroidism ( photo fr. book for own info)

Answer 8

1.Age related changes Diminished levels of hormones 2. Common concerns Sexual function STI s (Increase) 3. Nursing interventions

Answer 9

1. Age related changes: Varies, not always Sleep patterns Table 33.12 (photo) 2. Common concerns Memory loss and proprioception changes(knowing where you are in space) Delirium(temporary), senility, dementia(slow and progressive), depression CVA and TIA(stroke and Mimi stroke) 3. Nursing interventions Reality orientation pg 1108 (photo)

Answer 10

1. Age related changes table 33.11(photo) Vision Hearing and balance Taste and smell 2. Common concerns Glaucoma Cataracts Presbycusis 3. Nursing interventions: access for sensory changes, alert all caregivers to sensory problems, determine most effective method of communicating with individual with Sensory impairment modify environment to remove passage and reduce risk verify that assistive devices such as hearing aids glasses are clean and functional

Answer 11

1. Alzheimer’s dementia (fr. Hedden Brain atrophy, Affects all type of memory, it is progressive cognition is affected, can be disoriented, cannot maintain attention, calculation language and motor or affected) 2. Multi Infarct dementia 3. Parkinson’s disease (HeddenTremors shuffle) 4. Other diseases Huntington’s disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (Hedden viral) HIV associated dementia (viral)

Answer 12

1. Aging has a little influence on cognition 2. Only some older people experience some cognitive deficit 3. Research indicates that most of the people Retain their intelligence And are capable of learning throughout their lives

Answer 13

1. Falls Leading cause of accidental death for people over 65 years of age 2. Polypharmacy Five on my medications

Answer 14

1. Violence toward individuals over the age of 65 2. Classifications of abuse Physical and sexual Psychological Misuse of assets Neglect 3. Indicators of elder abuse: Crying, fear, suspicion

Answer 15

1. Finances No retirement planning Not Social Security eligible 2. Housing Relocation Downsizing Senior housing 3. Medication

Answer 16

1. Increased risk for Drug reactions Falls Infection. Disorientation of delirium Weakness Immobility Incontinence 2. Development of such changes in behavior should be recognized documented and reported

Answer 17

1. Home care 2. Assisted living 3. Long term care facilities 4. Hospice care

Answer 18

1. Bill of rights(photo) 2. Make sure you go back and read the end of chapter 24 lifespan development

Answer 19

1. Remain in the comfort and security of their homes while receiving healthcare 2. Feelings of self-worth and dignity Family support Familiar surroundings Participation in the process

Answer 20

1. voluntary Public nonpublic Community-based 2. Official State, county, city 3. Combination Combined BOD (board of directors) 4. Hospital 5. Proprietary Privately owned company Paid be BOD For profit 6. Private and not for profit 7. Other

Answer 21

Psychiatric nurse clinicians Social workers Hospice care Nurse pain specialist Pet care programs Home IV therapy Telehealth

Answer 22

Skilled nursing Physical Therapy Speech language therapy Occupational therapy Medical social services Homemaker Home health aide Respiratory, nutrition, pharmacy, podiatry, dentistry, psychiatric

Answer 23

1. Provided and directed by RN 2.Basic services may be provided by the LPN Under the supervision of the RN 3. Service goals: Restorative, improvement, maintenance, promotion 4. Nurses must be technically proficient, self-motivated, innovative independent (Hedden: must be vigilant and recognize changes in patient status)

Answer 24

1. Skilled services 2. Independent practice is not allowed Self-direction, motivation, creativity, clinical proficiency, flexibility, compassion, empathy, and patience are all essential Functions (photo)

Answer 25

Referral Admission Care plans Visits Documentation Discharge planning

Answer 26

1. documentation For outside organizations For internal measures of improvements and policy revision 2. Reflect standards objectives and measurable outcomes 3. Include plans for mediation or improvement as an integral part of the process

Answer 27

Medicare Medicaid Third party Private pay Other sources HMOs and PPOs

Answer 28

1. Hazards-(fr. Class: Appliances, stove, tub, chemicals) 2. Education Injury prevention

Answer 29

1. Life expectancy Average number of years an individual probably live Based on statistics for others with similar characteristics 2. Infant mortality Number of deaths in first 12 months of life African-American and indigenous infants less than twice that of white infants CDC link Racism/colonization Not race/ingenuity More black doctors Are needed

Answer 30

1. Gross: Increase in size 2. Development Function (Hedden:infant gets control of shoulders before hands) Gradual changes Orderly series 3. Is it cephalocaudal: from head to toe 4. Proximodistal: From the center to the outside of the body 5. Patterns of growth Genetics: Genes affect growth(nature) Nutrition and environment(nurture)

Answer 31

1. Basic unit of society 2. two or more united individuals Married Blood Adoption Love Social roles

Answer 32

1. Nuclear, extended, single parent, blended 2. Social contract family and cohabitation 3. Gender diverse gender expansive and gender inclusive 4. LGBTQ+ 5. Queer or straight 6. Adaptive grand families and foster

Answer 33

1. How do family members relate to each other? who does what? 2. Types of family patterns Autocratic: Parents in control: Strict rules and expectations Patriarchal or matriarchal Democratic: joint decision making Individually recognized Negotiation, compromise, and growth 3. Stages of family development Assumes that all families have parenting as their goal

Answer 34

1. Chronic illness 2. Scarcity of resources 3. Violence And the home Outside of the home Racism 4. Societal origins Pandemic Social determinants of health

Answer 35

1. Infant: Needs not met 2. Toddlers: Can perceived stress family states (exam) 3. School-age: School, Peers, parental expectations 4. Signs of stress Box. 24.4 (photo) Changes in behavior Physical symptoms (stomach aches headaches) Bedwetting Regression to an earlier stage of development as in returning to thumbsucking

Answer 36

1. Sensorimotor (birth to age 2) 2. Preoperational thought (2 to 7 years) 3. Concrete operational thought (7 to 11 years) 4. Formal operational thought (12+ years) (as per Hedden they can do a scientific problem solving, recognition of past, present, and future, they start questioning things)

Answer 37

1. Birth to age 2 (they put everything in their mouth, they play peekaboo) 2. Reflexes develop into purposeful coordinated motor abilities 3. Senses and interacts with the world around them 4. Object permanence 5. Mental representation (remember and imagine) 6. Thinking develops 7. Goal directed behavior (**)

Answer 38

1. Age 2 to 7 years (from Hedden: what can they get? world revolves around them, playground fights, learn to share) 2. Egocentric thinking Worlds only exist through their perspective Gradually learns to appreciate other perspectives 3. Trial and error new traits: and characteristics (per Hedden symbols can represent objects) 4. Present time only 5. Can you use symbols to represent objects 6. Logic, imagination, and intuition develops 7. Simplified understanding: things are only 1 thing

Answer 39

1. Age 7 to 11 years 2. Application of logic and socialization 3. Improved understanding of reality another perspective 4. Improve the memory and multitasking 5. Cause and effect; outcomes of behavior 6. Basics of conversation and number classification 7. Basic understanding of concrete rules Per Rn Hedden: They have empathy I can see things from another view they form groups of friends, teams

Answer 40

1.Age 12 years and up 2. Systemic scientific problem solving 3. Recognizes past present and future 4. Can think Abstract Hypothetical What is possible? 5. Ethics, politics, social, moral issues 6. Play theoretical approach to experience

Answer 41

Basic trust versus miss trust: infancy autonomy versus shame and doubt: toddler Initiative versus guilt: preschool. (Mimic parent) Industry Versus inferiority: School-age (NH want to be productive and confident) identity versus role confusion: adolescence (explore sexuality) intimacy versus isolation:young adulthood Generativity versus stagnation: middle adulthood Ego integrity versus despair: late adulthood

Answer 42

1. Babbling Three months Sound exploration 2. Word recognition One year Single word speech (up) Paired words (mommy milk) Most meaningful words They skip the words this, the, that Nouns and verbs first

Answer 43

1. Acquisition of language structure Preschool age Language explosion 50 words to 14,000 words Critical age to learn languages 2. Development of new words and sentences Age 6 Most subtle and then during preschool age Comprehension

Answer 44

Embryo and fetus third semester Newborn third semester Infancy Toddler Preschool Schools age Adolescence transition from childhood to adulthood Early adulthood Middle adulthood Late adulthood

Answer 45

Physical characteristics they triple birth by one year of age Vital signs heart rate around 120 BPM at 2 months old, respiration rate average 30 BPMs Motor development Definition teething at 5 to 6 months Psychosocial development Cognitive an intellectual development Nutrition: introduce 1 foot at a time Sleep play activity and safety (SIDS alert)

Answer 46

Physical characteristics: convex lumbar spine and potbelly Vital signs heart rate 90 to 120 BPM (**) Henry toilet training Psychosocial development temper tantrums try to be independent Cognitive and intellectual behavior Nutrition: Dairy (food allergies) sleep: 12 hours per night plus daytime nap

Answer 47

1. Physical characteristics Slow and steady growth Farsighted vision that improves by age 4 2. Vital signs: closer to adult numbers HR 70 to 110 3. Psychosocial development 4. Cognitive an intellectual development 5. Nutrition:calcium proteins and phosphorus 6. Sleep play activity and safety. They now tell little white lies

Answer 48

Remove plants from reach: some medication’s are made from plants Avoid pillows during sleep for infants Avoid plastic coverings on mattresses Car seat and booster seats Keep crib size up a mattress is low Avoid balloons and other Chocobo items like hard carrot grapes hard candy Flame retardant close Bodily autonomy Abduction prevention

Answer 49

Physical characteristics: growth is more gradual and subtle Vital signs Psychosocial development socialization skills Cognitive an intellectual Development Nutrition: related to activity level Sleep play activity and safety: 10 to 12 hours of sleep per night

Answer 50

Physical characteristics: puberty Vital signs: same as adults, Sense of identity, and body image Cognitive development Moral development: Uncomfortable in between Nutrition: observe the signs and symptoms of eating disorders

Answer 51

1. Physical characteristics Optimal level of physical health 2. Psychosocial development 3. Physical health Need routine preventative healthcare visits 4. Safety

Answer 52

1. Physical characteristics Presbyopia Presbycusis 2. Psychosocial development Generatively: excepting responsibility for and offering guidance to the next generation 3. Nutrition 4. Physical and dental examination 5. Sleep and rest

Answer 53

Characteristics, knowledge, group of people, language, religion, cuisine, Music and art, ethics and morals, clothing, marriage, family strangers/visitors, Growth????

Answer 54

1. Cultural competence☹️ I have become an expert on you 2. Cultural humility🙂 You are the expert on you Self reflection Ongoing education Increased awareness of assumptions and biases (prejudices, partiality)

Answer 55

1. Prejudice plus power Institutionalized power Historically formed Perpetrated overtime 2. Who is doing the oppressing Certain groups of people: certain identities The oppressed can also be a oppressors Dominant are privilege Individuals institutional or cultural power 3. Where is this happening? (Everywhere) Schools Government Healthcare institutions

Answer 56

1. Create artificial hierarchy 2. Somethings people traits are: Normal, acceptable, desirable, value, supported 3. They become: Dominant, privileged, power 4. other things people traits become: Non-dominant, abnormal, marginalized, without value

Answer 57

Not the same thing as diversity and inclusion Challenges system of oppression Advocacy and justice Recognize oppression: decrease or eliminate effects Equalize power imbalances

Answer 58

1. Diversity: Range of human experiences age race physical ability Neuro divergence religious nationality gender identity sexual identity ethnicity sexual orientation romantic attraction neurologic condition national origin ethical values etc. 2. Equity: just, impartial, and fair Power is evenly distributed Inequity is challenged ****

Answer 59

Give what is needed

Answer 60

1. inclusion: work and dignity of all people is recognized Belonging, respect Avoid tokenism Values lived experiences 2. Justice: systemic fair treatment of all people Policies, practices, attitudes, and actions Equitable: Access Opportunities Empowerment Treatment How comes

Answer 61

Engage with the populations we serve Enhance alliances Address disparities Avoid tokenism and stereotypes Avoid Microaggressions (Small actions;big effects) Practice antiracism an anti-able ism Learn about the effects of columnization Practice person centered care Create safe, respectful, trauma informed, environments of care