FOI A-B Flashcards
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
PS BECS
P - physiological
S - security
B - belonging
E - esteem
C - cognitive/aesthetic
S - self-actualization
Human Factors that Inhibit Learning
DR DR FCPR
D - denial
R - repression
D - displacement
R - reaction forming
F - fantasy
C - compensation
P - projection
R - rationalization
Abnormal Reactions to Stress
PRE SIM
P - painstaking self-control
R - rapid change in emotions
E - extreme over-cooperation
S - severe anger toward instructor
I - inappropriate reactions
M - marked changes in mood
Basic Elements of Communication
SSR
S - source
S - symbols
R - receiver
Barriers to Effective Communication
COIL
C - confusion between symbol and symbolized object
O - overuse of abstractions
I - interference
L - lack of common experience
Developing Communication Skills
LIQIR
L - listening I - instructional communication Q - questioning I - instructional enhancement R - role playing
Learning Theory
BICC
B - behaviorism
I - information processing
C - cognitive
C - constructivism
Factors that Affect Perception
G STEP
G - goals / values
S - self-concept
T - time/opportunity
E - element of threat
P - physical organism
Acquiring Knowledge
MUC
M - memorization
U - understanding
C - concept learning
Laws of Learning
REEPIR
R - readiness E - effect E - exercise P - primacy I - intensity R - recency
Domains of Learning
CAP
C - cognitive
A - affective
P - psychomotor
Cognitive Domain of Learning
RUAC
R - rote
U - understanding
A - application
C - correlation
Affective Domain of Learning
ARVOI
A - awareness R - response V - valuing O - organization I - integration
Characteristics of Learning
PEAM
P - purposeful
E - (result of) experience
A - active process
M - multifaceted
Acquiring Skill Knowledge
CAA
C - cognitive stage
A - association stage
A - automatic response
Types of Practice
DBR
D - deliberate
B - blocked
R - random
Scenario Based Training
HIC
H - has clear objectives
I - is tailored to students needs
C - capitalizes on the local environment
Errors
Slip - errors of action
Mistake - errors of thought
Reducing Errors
DR CULT
D - developing routines
R - raising awareness
C - checking for errors
U - using reminder
L - learning and practicing
T - taking time
Types of Memory
SSL
S - sensory
S - short-term
L - long-term
Forgetting
RIFRS
R - retrieval failure I - interference F - fading R - repression S - suppression
Retention
RAAMPS
R - repetition A - attitudes A - association M - mnemonics P - praise S - senses
Transfer of Learning
Positive transfer
Negative transfer
What is learning?
A change in behavior due to an experience.
What is human behavior?
The attempt to explain how and why humans function the way we do.
The result of attempts to satisfy certain needs.
What is motivation?
The reason one acts or behaves in a certain way and lies at the heart of goals.
What are goals?
The object of a person’s effort.
What is human nature?
It refers to the general psychological characteristics, feelings, and behavioral traits shared by all humans.
What is knowledge?
refers to information that humans are consciously aware of and can articulate.
Psycomotor Domain of Learning
Observation
Imitation
Practice
Habit
What is anxiety?
A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, often about something that is going to happen.
How can an instructor help students counter their anxieties?
Reinforcing the student’s enjoyment of flying and by teaching them to cope with their fears. Treat fears as normal reaction, rather than ignoring them.
Three characteristics that instructors must understand about their students before effective communication can take place.
Abilities
Attitudes
Experiences
How can a student use errors as a valuable learning resource?
Instructors shouldn’t let students practice doing the wrong thing. Ask the student to consider why the error happened, and what could be done differently to prevent the error from happening again in the future.
The ability to retrieve knowledge from memory depends on what two things?
Frequency- how often the knowledge is used
Recency- how recent the knowledge has been used
What are two threats to remembering what has been learned during training?
- ) Lack of frequent usage in the past
2. ) Lack of understanding
Define memory
The ability of people to encode, store, and retrieve information.
