Foghting Disease Flashcards
What is the name for the molecules which antibodies look onto on the surface of the pathogen?
Antigen
What are antitoxins?£
Counteract toxins produced by invading bacteria
Which Plant does the painkiller aspirin originate from?
Willow
Name the scientist who discovered penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
What two things are drugs tested on in preclinical trial?
Mammals
What is meant by A drugs toxicity?
How harmful it is
How is the skin adapted to defend against the entry of pathogens?
The skiing Acts as a barrier to pathogens and secretes Antimicorbial suntans that kills them
What is the role of the immune system?
To destroy pathogens that into the body
What organism was a drug digital source originally?
FoxGloves
What is meant by the efficacy of a drug?
Wheather or not the drug producers the affect you are looking for
What is a placebo?
A substance that’s like the real drug but doesn’t do anything
Why are placebos used in drug trials?
Using a placebo allows the doctor to see the actual difference the drug makes
What is the role of the hairs and mucus in the nose?
They trapped particles that could Contain pathogens
And how do the cilia in the trachea and the Bronchi help to defend the body?
Wafd mucus up to the back of the throat where it can be swallowed
What Does the stomach produce to kill pathogens?
Hydrochloric acid
What are drugs tested on in a clinical trial?
Human volunteers
What does double-blind trial mean?
Neither the patient nor the doctor knows who is receiving the drug and who is receiving the placebo e
Until all the results have been gathered
What factors do scientists research during drug testing?
Efficacy
Toxicity
Dosage
What Does peer review mean?
Where all the scientists check the work to make sure it is valid
Sure it is valid and prevents false claims
How Do white blood cells defend the body against pathogens?
- produce antibodies
- engulf the microbe
- produce antitoxins
Name the organism that penicillin originate from?
Mould
explain why antibiotics such as penicillin Are not used to treat a cold?
Antibiotics cannot kill viruses
Suggest a drug that patience with rubella may be given to relieve their symptoms?
Aspirin
Suggest a reason why some individuals may choose not to receive a vaccination against a disease?
They may be worried that they will have a bad reaction to a vaccine
Vaccines don’t always work so the person might not be given immunity
