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Aubf Lab Finals (2024) > Fobt > Flashcards

Fobt Flashcards

1
Q

Components of a Normal Stool

A

• Bacteria
• Undigested food stuff
• Bile pigments (Urobilin/ Stercobilin)
• Water and electrolytes
• Enzymes

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2
Q

Solid/ semi-solid body waste discharged from the large
intestine through
the anus
during defecation.

A

Feces/stool

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3
Q

Enzymes in stool

A

a. Trypsin
b. Chymotrypsin
c. Aminopeptidase d. Lipase
e. Amylase

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4
Q

Volume per day

A

100-200 g/day

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5
Q

Color of stool

A

Light to dark brown

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6
Q

Odor of stool

A

Offensive

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7
Q

Why is it offensive due to

A

Indole and skatole

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8
Q

Form and consistency of stool

A

Soft and well formed

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9
Q

Reaction alkaline

A

Increase protein diet

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10
Q

reaction acidic

A

Increase vegetable, CHO, and fats in the diet

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11
Q

Abnormal color of stool

A

Black
Red
Green
Pale yellow
White
Gray

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12
Q

When stool if black

A

upper gastrointestinal bleeding, intake iron, etc.

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13
Q

When stool is red

A

bleeding in lower GIT, intake of beets, food
coloring, Rifampin and Pyridium compounds

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14
Q

When stool is gray white pale yellow

A

Bile duct obstruction, Barium intake

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15
Q

When stool is green

A

Presence of biliverdin, Oral antibiotics, Green Vegetables

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16
Q

Abnormal Variation in Consistency

A

Soft and watery
Hard and scybalous (like gout dropping)
Bulky frothy stool
Ribbon like stool
Mucus and blood streak
Rice watery stool

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17
Q

When soft and watery

A

Diarrhea

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18
Q

When hard and scybalous

A

Spastic constipation

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19
Q

When bulky frothy

A

Bile duct obstruction, Pancreatic disorders, abundant fats

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20
Q

When has Mucus and blood streak

A

Amoebic colitis, Dysentery, Malignancy

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21
Q

When rice watery stool

A

Cholera

22
Q

Western stool chart

A

Bristol stool chart

23
Q

Type: Separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass)

A

Type 1

24
Q

Type: Sausage-shaped but lumpy

A

Type 2

25
Q

Type: Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface

A

Type 3

26
Q

Type: Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft

A

Type 4

27
Q

Type: Soft blobs with clear-cut edges (passed easily)

A

Type 5

28
Q

Type: Watery, no solid pieces. Entirely Liquid

A

Type 7

29
Q

Random samples used for

A

cultures
ova and parasites (O&P)
microscopic examination for cells
fats and fibers
detection of blood

30
Q

Characteristics of fecal container

A

cardboard containers with wax-coated interiors or plastic containers with wide openings and screwcapped tops

31
Q

Type: Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool

A

Type 6

32
Q

The stool collected should only be about

A

Thumb size
Pea size
Soft specimen
5-6spoonful off watery specimen

33
Q

Patients should understand that the specimen must not be contaminated with

A

urine, toilet water, fibers, gauze threads, and tissue papers.

34
Q

Preservation of Stool

A

•Refrigeration
•Chemical Preservative

35
Q

Chemical Preservative used

A
  • Sodium Acetate
  • Formalin
    -Merthiolate Iodine Formaldehyde -NSS w/ glycerine
    -Polyvinyl Acohol
36
Q

Different Types of Indicator Chromogens

A

•Gum Guaiac •Benzidine •Ortho toluidine

37
Q

Dietary Restrictions 3 days before the examination (FOBT)

A

• Red Meat
• Horse radish • Melons
• Raw broccoli • Cauliflower •Turnip
• Vitamin C

38
Q

Hidden Blood not seen by microscopic examination

A

Fecal Occult Blood Testing (FOBT)

39
Q

FOBT Normally found in small amount,

A

2.5ml/150g of stoool

40
Q

FOBT IS SCREENIBG TEST FOR

A

Screening test for colorectal cancer and GIT

41
Q

Principle of FOBT

A
  • Based on the pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin molecule reacting with chromogen.
42
Q

is the trace amount of blood in feces which cannot be seen with eyes.

A

FOBT

43
Q

The test cassette/strip should be used within _________ after taking out from the foil envelope.

A

1 hour

44
Q

Squeeze _____ drops (about 80 uL) of sample solution to the sample well, as in the illustration.

A

3 drops

45
Q

Read the test results after_____ minutes.

A

10 mins

46
Q

Positive result

A

If control and test line are rose pink

47
Q

Do not read results after _____ mins

A

15mins

48
Q

It could be the early clinical symptom of the common

A

Malignant tumor
Gastric cancer
Colonic cancer
Ulcer

49
Q

The test devices should be stored at

A

4-30C

50
Q

Specificity of test

A

99.40%

51
Q

Sensitivity of test

A

96.88%

52
Q

Total agreement test

A

99.00%

Aubf Lab Finals (2024) (4 decks)

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