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Gpts > FNS Exam > Flashcards

FNS Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Which of following is most likely to lead to kidney failure?

A

20% total body weight in water loss

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2
Q

St. John’s wort is a herbal supplement that

A

fights mild depression

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3
Q

Which of the following is true regarding the production of ammonia?

A

a. Results from the production of ketone bodies
c. Results with the deamination of amino acids
d. Helps to maintain the acid-base balance

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4
Q

Liver cells use glycogen to

A

regulate blood glucose levels

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5
Q

Which person is most likely to have the lowest resting energy expenditure per kilogram of body weight?

A

a. Newborn
c. Pregnant woman
d. Older adult man

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6
Q

Proteins within cell membranes control cell volume and nerve impulses by transporting

A

potassium and sodium

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7
Q

The process that moves fluid through a cell membrane is

A

b. facilitated diffusion.
c. passive diffusion.
d. osmosis.

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8
Q

The process of adding hydrogen atoms to carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty-acid chain is

A

hydrogenation

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9
Q

Iron’s main role in the body involves its ability to carry

A

a. oxygen.
b. carbon.
d. lipids.

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10
Q

As an emulsifier, bile is necessary for the

A

digestion of fat

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11
Q

Megadoses of vitamin B6 over a long period of time may cause

A

a. blood clots.
b. nerve damage.
c. anemia.

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12
Q

The monosaccharide that’s found in sucrose, lactose, and maltose is

A

a. glucose.
c. fructose.
d. ribose.

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13
Q

During starvation, the body’s highest priority is

A

supplying glucose to the brain

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14
Q

Which of the following compounds is the largest category of lipids?

A

Triglycerides

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15
Q

The female athlete triad combines eating disorders with which of the following conditions?

A

Osteoporosis and amenorrhea

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16
Q

Which is a function of fat in the body?

A

Temperature control

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17
Q

For healthful eating, the best practice is to balance

A

calorie intake and energy expenditure

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18
Q

Most cholesterol in the body is

A

b. made by the liver.
c. a combination of recyclable bile.
d. a product of the gallbladder.

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19
Q

What is the function of sphincters?

A

Controls movement of food

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20
Q

Which of the following describes the energy intake prediction to maintain energy balance in healthy, normal-weight individuals?

A

Estimated energy requirement

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21
Q

The digestion of protein begins in the

A

b. stomach.
c. small intestine.
d. colon.

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22
Q

Which of the following is a sign of vitamin D deficiency in children?

A

Bowing of the legs

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23
Q

Which of the following is the average percentage of water in the human body?

A

60

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24
Q

A person who is very thin, has severe distortion regarding body image, and severely restricts food intake is most likely suffering from

A

anorexia nervosa

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25
Q

Which person has the greatest protein needs per kilogram of weight?

A

a. Newborn
b. Healthy toddler
c. Obese man

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26
Q

Which of the following lipid levels are likely to be abnormally low when a person is obese?

A

High-density lipoproteins

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27
Q

Antidepressant medications that treat bulimia increase

A

serotonin

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28
Q

Special carriers transport substances across cell membranes during

A

b. facilitated diffusion.
c. lipid thrombosis.
d. peristaltic action.

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29
Q

What condition brings about positive nitrogen balance?

A

Pregnancy

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30
Q

The movement of material through the intestine occurs by

A

peristalsis

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31
Q

Which of the following vitamins is most likely to cause toxic effects in a person who takes more than 150% of its recommendation amount for a long period of time?

A

A

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32
Q

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is also known as the

A

alimentary canal

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33
Q

Copper deficiency can cause

A

anemia

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34
Q

Which United States government agency is responsible for truthfulness of advertising?

A

a. Health and Human Services (HHS)
c. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
d. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

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35
Q

Food labels list the quantity of protein per serving in

A

grams

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36
Q

Which of the following dietary reference intakes determines the level at which nutrient toxicity may occur?

A

Tolerable upper intake level(s)

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37
Q

High-protein intake can be harmful for people with

A

kidney disease

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38
Q

A deficiency in which of the following minerals can result in a decrease in taste?

A

Zinc

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39
Q

The primary function of carbohydrates is to

A

a. create enzymes.
c. insulate organs.
d. provide energy.

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40
Q

Which of the following protects the stomach lining from its acidic environment?

A

Mucus that the stomach cells secrete

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41
Q

Which hormone signals the release of bile?

A

Cholecystokinin

42
Q

Who is responsible for proving that a dietary supplement is unsafe after it is on the market?

A

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

43
Q

The secretions from the gallbladder and pancreas empty into the

A

duodenum

44
Q

Which of the following is the best source of dietary iodine?

A

b. Olive oil
c. Hydrogenated fat
d. Milk

45
Q

Adenosine triphosphate releases energy when which of following bonds break?

A

b. Phosphate
c. Coenzymes
d. Protein

46
Q

Triglyceride molecules are made up of a glycerol and three

A

fatty acid

47
Q

Which of the following nutrients must be on a nutrition facts label?

A

Vitamin C

48
Q

An indispensable amino acid is one that

A

cannot be made by the body

49
Q

Which of the following foods contains fat?

A

Sunflower seeds

50
Q

Which of the following enhances calcium absorption?

A

Vitamin D

51
Q

A free radical is a

A

highly reactive, unstable molecule that can damage cells

52
Q

A person with a BMI of 21 is

A

normal weight

53
Q

Which of the following is a macronutrient?

A

Protein

54
Q

The primary role of B vitamins in the body is to

A

b. increase mineralization of bone.
c. act as coenzymes or a part of coenzymes.
d. enhance the transport of nutrients across cell membranes.

55
Q

A drastic increase in fiber intake over a short period of time may result in

A

increased intestinal gas

56
Q

When athletes follow a carbohydrate-loading regimen, they are trying to boost their body stores of

A

glycogen

57
Q

A lacto-vegetarian will refuse to eat

A

an omlete

58
Q

Anorexia nervosa occurs most often among

A

young women, ages 13 to 19

59
Q

Which of the following metabolic processes is anaerobic?

A

Glycolysis

60
Q

Which of the following nutrients must be in the diet to maintain health?

A

Essential

61
Q

Having excess fat in which of the following areas of the body increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes mellitus?

A

Abdomen

62
Q

Lactose is found in

A

milk

63
Q

The 2010 edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends how many minutes of physical activity per day?

A

30

64
Q

Which of the following foods is the best source of vitamin E?

A

Sunflower seed

65
Q

Which structural feature contributes most to the massive absorptive area of the small intestine?

A

a. Villi
b. Microvilli
d. Ileocecal valve

66
Q

Which of the following lipoproteins pick up cholesterol from arterial plaques?

A

High-density lipoprotein

67
Q

Vitamin K is necessary for the

A

blood clotting process.

68
Q

Which of the following panels on a package of St. John’s wort provides information about herbal ingredients and nutrient daily values?

A

Supplement facts

69
Q

The building of tissue proteins from amino acids is

A

anabolism

70
Q

How many kilocalories are in a meal that has 20 g of fat, 15 g of protein, and 60 g of carbohydrates?

A

480

71
Q

Which of the following transport free fatty acids to intestinal cells for absorption?

A

a. Lecithins
b. Micelles
d. Low-density lipoproteins

72
Q

Which of the following statements is true about nutrients and food?

A

Most foods contain mixtures of many nutrients

73
Q

Which list contains only fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins A, E, K, and D

74
Q

The products that begin the citric-acid cycle are

A

acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate

75
Q

Which of the following does the thyroid gland use to make T3 and T4?

A

Iodide

76
Q

Carbohydrates and lipids are protein sparing because they

A

can reduce the need to use amino acids for fuel.

77
Q

Which of the following foods has the highest amount of the phytochemical lycopene?

A

Tomatoes

78
Q

Which of the following foods is the best protein complement to pasta in a meal?

A

Black beans

79
Q

Which of the following foods is the best source of vitamin B12?

A

Fortified cereals

80
Q

A deficiency of which of the following nutrients causes red blood cells to be small and pale?

A

a. Iron
c. Vitamin B12
d. Folate

81
Q

Which of the following foods does amylase break down in the mouth?

A

bread

82
Q

Amylase secretions come from the

A

salivary glands

83
Q

Which of the following derivatives is a precursor of vitamin D?

A

Cholesterol

84
Q

Which of the following groups is most at risk for dehydration?

A

a. Young women
c. Adolescent males
d. Infants

85
Q

How many kilocalories per gram do carbohydrates provide?

A

4

86
Q

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?

A

Whole-wheat bread

87
Q

Which is the correct order of glucose catabolism?

A

Glycolysis, citric-acid cycle, electron transport

88
Q

Which of the following foods contains the least amount of vitamin D per serving?

A

Kidney beans

89
Q

Nearly all metabolic reactions involve

A

water

90
Q

In the body, insulin stimulates the

A

uptake of glucose by cells

91
Q

Which of the following actions may reduce the symptoms of diverticulosis and prevent the complications of diverticulitis?

A

Eating a high-fiber diet

92
Q

An excellent source of beta-carotene is/are

A

sweet potatoes

93
Q

Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins is a hormone?

A

D

94
Q

To obtain a broad mix of nutrients, the best recommendation is to eat

A

a variety of different foods

95
Q

Which of the following chemical reactions release fatty acids and glycerol from a triglyceride?

A

a. Catabolic
c. Anabolic
d. Ionic

96
Q

Which of the following is the usual sequence of events in the behavioral pattern for a person with bulimia?

A

Emotional trigger, bingeing, purging

97
Q

Which of the following occurs in the mitochondria?

A

Energy generation

98
Q

After deamination occurs, what part of the amino acid remains?

A

a. Diatomic oxygen
b. Carbon skeleton
d. Glycerol

99
Q

A very low-density lipoprotein is made up mostly of

A

triglycerides

100
Q

Women who are considering getting pregnant should take folic acid supplements to reduce the risk of giving birth to infants with

A

neural tube defects

Gpts (4 decks)

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