Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FNP I > FNP I HEENT > Flashcards

FNP I HEENT Flashcards

0
Q

How is NPH diagnosed?

A

With CT or MRI

The only real way to tell is to slowly drain CSF & c if Sx’s gradually improve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

A

Affects >60

Gradual (insidious onset)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What symptom triad is associated with NPH?

A

Magnetic Gait
Dementia
Urinary incontinence
(Wet, Wobbly, Wacky)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

When does it occur?

A

Purulent discharge
Normal vision
Gritty/ Crusted lids

Occurs in the fall/winter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Treatment for Bacterial Conjunctivitis

A

Oral and topical abx
(erythromycin or azithromycin ung; gentamicin or Tobramycin gtts)
Sulfcetamid (>2yrs)
Flurooquinolone gtts (>1yr)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment for Viral Conjunctivitis

A

Warm Compresses
Artificial Tears QID
NSAIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Viral Conjunctivitis

When does it occur?

A 
Watery discharge
Normal Vision
Itchy, burning, tearing
Eyes R really red
Pre-auricular Lymph node Palpable

Occurs after URI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Allergic Conjunctivitis

When does it occur?

A

Stringy Mucoid discharge
Normal Vision
Itching/ burning

Occurs in fall/spring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Treatment for Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Oral/Topical antihistamines
(topical vasoconstrictors)
Cool compresses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Giant Papillary

What causes this?

A

Watery Discharge
Blurry Vision
Itchy/ gritty
Drooping eyelid

Characterized by bumps under the eyelids

Contact wear or contact solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treatment for Giant Papillary

A

D/C contacts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis of the new born is ____

A

Ophthalmia neonatorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ophthalmia neonatorum is usually caused by

A

Gonorrhea or Chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is ophthalmic neonatorum treated?

A

By erythromycin; given @ birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

C. Trachomatis (chlamydia) in adults…

A

You need to Cx it

Treat sexual partners as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Herpes Zoster Eye Infections treatment

A

Start antiviral if early dx is made
Cool compresses

Refer to Ophthalmologist Immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Signs & Symptoms of Herpes Zoster Opthalmicus

A 
Pain
Tearing
Photophobia
Mucoid discharge
Moderate conjunctival hyperemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Signs & Symptoms of Corneal Abrasions

A 
Pain
Tearing
Photophobia
Foreign Body Sensation (FOS)
Conjunctival Hyperemia
Decreased vision
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What should the clinician do to inspect the eye for foreign objects or scratches related to corneal abrasion?

A

stain the eye with fluorescein dye and use cobalt blue filter light or slit lamp

May use tetracaine for evaluation but not for Rx for treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Treatment for Corneal Abrasion

A

Abx gtts or ung (ointments) for 5 days
w/ follow up daily until symptoms resolve
Tetanus
Eye rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Patient education with corneal abrasion

A

Avoid wearing contacts until eye has healed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hordeolum

A

Stye
swelling of the edge
erythamotus tender lump with in the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Subjunctival Hemorrhage

A

Caused by trauma and excessive straining such as with coughing
Sudden onset of painless red eye
Will resolve on its on within 2-4 weeks (does not require treatment – observe patient)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Treatment of hordeolum

A

Eye hygiene
Warm Moist Compresses QID
Topical ung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is seborrhea?

A

inflammatory skin condition that causes flaky, white to yellowish scales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Blepharitis

A

Lid crusting and seborrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Treatment for Blepharitis

A 
Eye hygiene
Abx ung (erythromycin) @HS

tx for blepharitis of the scalp - anti-dandruff shampoos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Chalazion

A

Mid eyelid swelling and erythema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Treatment for Chalazion

A

Warm compresses (up to 6 weeks)
Abx-steroid ung
Excision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Lid Cellulitis

A

Can be related to recent URI, trauma to lid or lid infection

Characterized with painful lid edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Plan for lid cellulitis

A

Refer to ophthalmologist
CT scan to RO orbital cellulitis
Red Flag

32
Q

Orbital Cellulitis Symptoms

A

Lid edema
H/A
Fever

33
Q

Plan for orbital cellulitis

A

Send to ER for IV abx to prevent vision loss
Ophthalmology consult ASAP
Restrict EOM

34
Q

Dacryocytitis

A

Erythema
Tearing
Swelling over lacrimal sac

35
Q

Treatment for Dacryocytitis

A

Eye Hygiene
Warm moist compresses
Topical opthalmic ung

36
Q

Uveitis

A

Inflammation of the uveal tract

37
Q

What are the two types of uveitis

A
  1. Anterior (effects the iris aka Iritis)

2. Posterior (effects choroids, retinitis)

38
Q

Iritis

A

Aka Anterior Uveitis

Uveitis inflammation of the iris or anterior chamber of the eye

39
Q

What is anterior uveitis associated with

A 
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
TB
Herpes simplex
Trauma
Kawasaki disease
40
Q

S/S of anterior uveitis (Iritis)

A 
Decreased vision
Pain
Photophobia
Pupil size decrease b/c iris crown the puli
Cilliary Flush
(no discharge or tearing)
Refer immediately to ophthalmologist
41
Q

Treatment for Iritis

A

Topical NSAIDs/ Corticosteroids

42
Q

What is the leading cars of blindness in African Americans?

A

Glaucoma

43
Q

2 types of glaucoma are

A
  1. Primary open angle (slow)

2. Primary angle closure (emergent) Intraocular pressure >22 mm Hg = glaucoma

44
Q

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

A

Most common
Slow process with central vision affected late
Usually bilateral
Increase interocular pressure

45
Q

Symptoms of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

A 
blurred vision
nausea
headache
halos around bright lights
Increase cup-disc ratio difference between eyes
46
Q

Treatment for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

A

Refer

47
Q

Symptoms Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

A 
Sudden eye pain
Brow aching
Corneal edema 
Decrease vision
Sensation of seeing halos around light
Photophobia
Sudden loss of vision
48
Q

Treatment for Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

A

Referral: EMERGENT
Iridortomy laser hole in iris relieve pressure & damage
Beta blocker eye gtts Timoptic decreases aqueous humor production by ciliary body
Alpha agonists Alphagan dcrease aqueus prod. and increase ductal outflow
Marajuana decreases IOP

49
Q

PE for Glaucoma

A

Visual acuity, visual fields ophthalmic exam, IOP if equipped

50
Q

Macular Degeneration Dry

A

Develops slowly causing loss of central vision

No Tx. Affects both eyes, one before other

51
Q

Risk Factors for Macular Degeneration

A

Fhx, smoker (past or present), light skin light eyes, excessive sun exposure, obesity, female, dietary deficiencies in zeaxanthin and Lutein

52
Q

Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

A

new blood vessel growth behind retina causes bleeding and scarring 10% can be Tx’d with laser

53
Q

S/S of Macular Degeneration

A

Decrease in macula function: blurriness, dark cloud, difficult to read, straight line distorted
Peripheral Vision okay.

54
Q

Retinal Detachment S/S

A

SS increase floaters
Curtain like over field of vision
SS Depends where tear

55
Q

Treatment for Retinal Detachment

A

Surgery

56
Q

DM Retinopathy

A

develops from blood vessels that supply the retina and is the leading cause of blindness in adults age 20-64.Affects90% of Diabetics who have had DM >15 yrs.

57
Q

What causes Proliferative DM?

A

Proliferative DM retinopathy most severe and threatening to sight. Caused by a lack of O2 to retina stimulates abnormal blood vessel growth which tightens and pulls on retina which detaches from inner wall. No pain, severe sight loss or blindness

58
Q

Tx fro Proliferative DM

A

Laser surgery to reduce blood vessel growth, vitrectomy to remove blood in vitreous replace with saline

59
Q

Cataract

A

Cloudy lens to the degree vision is disturbed

60
Q

Causes of cataracts

A 
Smoking
Sun exposure
Poor diet
DM
Steroids
61
Q

S/S of cataracts

A

Gradual loss of vision: cloudy foggy vision

Light glare a problem reduces visual acuity: night driving

62
Q

Cataract treatment

A

Surgery

Refer for evaluation

63
Q

Further evaluation of visual acuity is necessary when

A

Adults & children ,>5yr: with visual acuity of 20/30 or worse
> 5y 20/50
Infants failing gross visual acuity (follow object or social response)
All who demonstrate more than one line difference between eyes

64
Q

Myopia

A

light focuses in front of retina ; sees near objects best (nearsightedness)

65
Q

Hyperopia

A

ight focuses behind the retina; sees far objects best (farsightedness)

66
Q

Presbyopia

A

lens less resilient; poor near vision (aging)

67
Q

Astigmatism

A

cornea or lens curvature causing unequal light refraction

68
Q

Anisometropia

A

different refractive error in each eye

69
Q

Amblyopia

A

Marked decrease in visual acuity in one eye due to interrutpion of normal visual development
Blinkin excessively, frowns, behavior closing or covering one eye
Refer

70
Q

Strabismus

A

one eye not working with the other

71
Q

Pseudostrbismus

A

Cross eyed

Genetic

72
Q

Eso

A

inwards

73
Q

Exo

A

outwards

74
Q

Tropia

A

constant turned eye

75
Q

Phoria

A

Both eyes are straight until coveredmisalignment of Visual axis revealed by the disassociation of the eyes

76
Q

Advice for healthy eye aging

A

Avoid cigarette smoke
Regular eye exams
Healthy eating
Wear UV protection outdoors

FNP I (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions