Flying Training

Question 1

Notes

Answer 1

Lookout - Attitude/Airspeed - Instruments

Question 2

Explain turbulence in the circuit area

Answer 2

Friction affects airflow over the earth’s surface, leading to wind at ground level being different from that at circuit height and higher. Any change in wind speed and/or direction is called windshear, and it can cause turbulence.

Uneven heating of the earth’ surface will cause vertical convection currents, also leading to turbulence.

Its recommend to carry a few extra knots on approach to give better controllability. A flapless approach should also be considered, since it will make the aeroplane more responsive to a power increase (because of lower drag).

Question 3

Explain wake turbulence

Answer 3

Significant wake turbulence can form behind the wingtips of large eroplanes flying at high angles of attack (i.e. during take-off and landings). Always try to avoid wake turbulence.

Question 4

Using flaps provides:

Answer 4

• A lower stalling speed
• Improved forward visibility
• Shorter hold-off
• Increased decent angle/Steeper flightpath

Question 5

The landing consists of four phases which are:

Answer 5

1. The flare
2. The hold-off
3. The touchdown
4. The landing run

Question 6

The landing checklist:

Answer 6

1. Brakes off
2. Undercarriage fixed
3. Mixture Rich
4. Fuel on and sufficient for go-around, fuel pump on
5. Temps and pressures in the green
6. Flaps as required
7. Hatches and harnesses secure
8. Landing light on

Question 7

The FREAD in-flight checklist:

Answer 7

Height, 3000 agl+
Airframe, brakes off, flaps as required, wings clear of ice
Security, hatches and harnesses secure
Engine, Temps and pressures in the green, mixture rich, check for cab ice, fuel pump on
Location, away from active aerodromes, built-up areas, controlled airspace and danger areas
Lookout, either 2 90 deg turns or 1 180 deg turn

Question 8

What are the usual methods of entering the circuit pattern?

Answer 8

There are two usual methods for joining a circuit pattern:
- Downwind leg join at circuit height, provided that you know the circuit in use; or
- Overhead join: overfly at 2,000ft above aerodrome level, determine the circuit direction (if not already known) from the windsock or signals area, descend to circuit high on the inactive (‘dead’) side and then join the circuit by crossing the upwind end of the runway.

Question 9

How would you perform a powered approach and normal landing?

Question 10

How would you perform a touch-and-go landing?

Answer 10

1. Move flaps to take-off setting.
2. Carb heat off
3. Apply full power and perform a normal take-off without having stopped.

Question 11

How would you correct an undershoot? (normal landing)

Answer 11

Add power & raise the nose

Question 12

How would you correct an overshoot? (normal landing)

Answer 12

Reduce power & lower the nose, or increase flaps

Question 13

How would you perform a flapless approach and landing?

Question 14

How would you perform a glide approach and landing?

Question 15

The three accepted crosswind landing techniques are:

Answer 15

1. The crab method
2. The wing-down method
3. The combination method, incorporating the best features of each of the above.