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Physics II > Fluoroscopy #2 > Flashcards

Fluoroscopy #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The fluoroscope was invented by?

A

Thomas Edison

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2
Q

Dim objects can be viewed better?

A

With peripheral vision

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3
Q

What structure is responsible for the vision of dim objects?

A

Rod

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4
Q

The purpose of angiography is to do?

A

Visualize vessels

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5
Q

In general, during fluoroscopy as compared with radiography?

A

The mA will be lower

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6
Q

The cones are?

A

Used for photopic vision

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7
Q

It is known that radiation can cause cataracts in which structure of the eye?

A

Lens

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8
Q

During a fluoroscopic examination, static images are obtained on?

A

Spot film

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9
Q

Visual acuity is the ability to do?

A

Perceive fine detail

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10
Q

In a modern fluoroscope, the fluoroscopic x-ray tube?

A

Can be either under or over the table

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11
Q

As compared with radiography, the x-ray technique required for fluoroscopy calls for?

A

Lower mA

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12
Q

Which properties is associated with rods but not with cones?

A

Scotopic vision

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13
Q

The rods are principally used for what?

A

Dim vision

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14
Q

As compared with a radiographic examination, the primary purpose of a fluoroscopic examination is to visualize?

A

Dynamic images

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15
Q

What ocular structures immediately precedes the vitreous humor along the path of incident light?

A

Lens

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16
Q

Radiographic images?

A

Are viewed under photopic conditions

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17
Q

The fovea centralis is?

A

Part of the retina

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18
Q

Fluoroscopy normally requires a tube current of?

A

1 to 5 mA

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19
Q

The Bucky slot cover of a fluoroscope is a?

A

Protective device

20
Q

During fluoroscopic imaging?

A

Reducing KVp increases image contrast

21
Q

Automatic brightness stabilization (ABS) is designed to compensate for which of the following?

A

Patient composition

22
Q

Video viewing of the fluoroscopic image is advantageous because?

A

The image is brighter

23
Q

What structure is most sensitive to colors?

A

Cones

24
Q

What describes the fluoroscopic system designed to maintain a constant image intensity?

A

Automatic brightness control (ABC)

25
Q

The function of the iris is to do?

A

Control the light level

26
Q

Photoelectric emission is?

A

Is the emission of electrons from an illuminated surface

27
Q

At what stage of image intensified fluoroscopy is the number of image forming photons lowest?

A

Entering the input phosphor

28
Q

Image intensifier brightness gain increases with increasing?

A

Flux gain

29
Q

When an image intensifier receives x-rays at the input phosphor, what is emitted at the output phosphor?

A

Visible light

30
Q

What is the input phosphor of image intensifiers?

A

Cesium iodide

31
Q

What is the output phosphor of image intensifiers?

A

Zinc cadmium sulfide

32
Q

The photocathode converts?

A

Visible light into electrons

33
Q

What is the component of the image intensifier responsible for focusing the electron beam?

A

The electrostatic lens

34
Q

The ability of an image intensifier to enhance image illumination is called?

A

Brightness gain

35
Q

The minification gain of an image intensifier increases with increasing?

A

Input phosphor size

36
Q

What is a representative brightness gain for an image intensifier?

A

20,000

37
Q

If an image intensifier is described as a 25/12 tube, 25/12 refers to which of the following?

A

The diameter of the input phosphor in centimeters

38
Q

In a 10/7/5 image intensifier?

A

The field of view is largest in the 10 mode

39
Q

An image intensifier has a 5 cm output phosphor and a 45 cm input phosphor. If the brightness gain is 10,000, the flux gain is approximately?

A

120

40
Q

Place the following in proper sequence for image intensified fluoroscopy:1. Electric signal to light 2. Electrons-to-light 3. Light-to-electric signal 4. Light-to-electrons 5. X-rays to light

A

5,4,2,3,1

41
Q

What applies to the output phosphor?

A

Light emitted

42
Q

What applies to the patient?

A

X-rays absorbed

43
Q

X-rays were initially discovered due to their ability to cause ?

A

fluorescence

44
Q

Prior to the development of the Image Intensifier, in order to enhance the brightness of the image during fluoroscopy, what step(s) had to be taken?

A

Increase the technique

45
Q

Of the following statements, which is correct concerning the rods?

A

They are sensitive to low levels of light

46
Q

The appearance of “ghost images” on the monitor during fluoroscopy is prevented by which of the following?

A

Having both the Input Phosphor and the Photocathode curved.

Physics II (4 decks)

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