Fluoroquinolones

Question 1

Are fluoroquinolones lipid or water soluble?

Answer 1

Lipid soluble, so can penetrate BBB.

Question 2

Do fluoroquinolones work in purulent debris?

Answer 2

Yes. Decreased activity in low pH.

Question 3

How do fluoroquinolones work?

Answer 3

Prevent DNA supercoiling and replication by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase. Mammalian topoisomerase is not affected by fluoroquiolones.

Question 4

How is resistance to fluoroquinolones developed?

Answer 4

Chromosomal, plasmid is RARE.

Question 5

Are fluoroquinolones bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 5

Bactericidal

Question 6

Are fluoroquinolones time or concentration dependent?

Answer 6

Concentration dependent.

Question 7

What do all fluoroquinolones work against?

Answer 7

E. coli, Pasteurella, and Staph. Mycoplasma and Pseudomonas. Atypical mycobacteria (like tuberculosis).
Used in human medicine for septicemic salmonellosis and Campy.

Question 8

Enrofloxacin:

Answer 8

E. coli, Pasteurella, and Staph. Mycoplasma, Pseudomonas, atypical mycobacteria.

Question 9

Pradofloxacin:

Answer 9

What enrofloxacin works on + B. fragilis, Strep, and anaerobes.

Question 10

How are fluoroquinolones absorbed?

Answer 10

Well absorbed orally or by injection in most species.

Question 11

How are fluoroquinolones eliminated?

Answer 11

Renal

Question 12

Some adverse reactions to fluoroquinolones include:

Answer 12

Drug reactions/interactions. Arthropathy (horses –> dogs –> cat/cattle). Can cause seizures if given in high doses in short time period. Blindness/retinal injury in cats. Bone marrow suppression.

Question 13

Public health concerns of fluoroquinolones:

Answer 13

BANNED in food animals due to rising concern of abx resistance.