Fluids test Flashcards
What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
The theory that explains the behavior of matter based on the motion of its particles.
What happens to particles in a solid according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
Particles are closely packed and vibrate in place.
What happens to particles in a liquid according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
Particles are close together but can slide past each other.
What happens to particles in a gas according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
Particles are far apart and move freely.
What is the definition of temperature in terms of particle motion?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
What is the definition of mass?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
What is the definition of volume?
Volume is the amount of space an object occupies.
What is density?
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
What is the formula for calculating density?
Density = Mass / Volume.
What is the unit for density when measuring solids?
g/cm³ or kg/m³.
What is the unit for density when measuring liquids?
g/mL or kg/L.
What is buoyancy?
Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object submerged in it.
What does Archimedes’ Principle state?
An object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.
Why do objects float in a fluid?
Objects float if their density is less than that of the fluid.
Why do objects sink in a fluid?
Objects sink if their density is greater than that of the fluid.
What is viscosity?
Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.
What factor affects viscosity?
Temperature, molecular structure, and the fluid’s composition.
What is the relationship between temperature and viscosity for most liquids?
As temperature increases, viscosity decreases.
What is the relationship between temperature and viscosity for gases?
As temperature increases, viscosity increases.
What is the difference between hydraulic and pneumatic systems?
Hydraulic systems use incompressible liquids, while pneumatic systems use compressible gases.
What is the role of pressure in hydraulic and pneumatic systems?
Pressure is used to transmit force and perform work in both systems.
What is the principle behind hydraulic systems?
Hydraulic systems use liquids to transfer force by generating pressure.
What is the principle behind pneumatic systems?
Pneumatic systems use compressed air to transfer force by generating pressure.
