Fluids and Electrolytes II Flashcards
What do Kidneys do in acid base balance?
They regulate HCO3 level in the ECF
What do Lungs do during acid base balance?
Control C02 and carbonic content
What happens during metabolic acidosis?
1 Bicarbonate base deficit 2 Low pH (Increased H ion) 3 Low plasma HCO3 4 DKA 5 Shock
What happens during normal anion gap of acidosis?
Direct loss of HCO3
What happens during high anion gap of acidosis?
1 Lactic acidosis
2 Salicylate poisoning
3 Starvation
4 Uremia
What are the clinical signs of respiratory acidosis?
1 Drowsiness and disorientation
2 Low BP
3 Seizures
4 Hypoventilation w/ hypoxia
What are some nursing assessments for respi acidosis?
1 Acute pulmonary edema
2 Aspiration of foreign object
3 Overdose of sedatives
4 Sleep apnea (obesity)
What is the relationship of the ABG’s in respiratory?
Opposite direction
What is the relationship of ABG’s during metabolic?
Equal direction
What id the normal pH?
7.35-7.45
What is the normal level of PCO2
35-45 mmHg
What is the normal level of PO2?
80-100 mmHg
What is the normal level of bicarbonate?
22-26 mmHg
What is the normal O2 stat?
96-100%
What are some nursing managements of acid base imbalances?
1 Safety precautions 2 Seizure monitoring 3 Vita signs monitoring 4 Patient education 5 Psychosocial and emotional support
Complications of center catheter devices
1 Clotting/Clogging
2 Air Embolism
3 Sepsis
What are the functions of the urinary system?
1 Remove wastes and toxic substances
2 Regulator of blood volume and blood pressure
3 Regulation of solutes and ions
4 Regulator of body fluid Ph
5 Regulator of the Red blood cell synthesis
What are some of the metabolic wastes?
1 Creatinine 2 Urea 3 Ammonia (NH3) 4 Bilirubin 5 Uric acid
Breaks down creatinie phosphate in muscle fibers?
Creatinine
Breaks down proteins
Urea
By product of proteins/amino acids
Ammonia (NH3)
Breaks down hemoglobin
Bilirubin
Breaks down nucleic acid
Uric acid
This is the bean-shaped organ?
Kidneys
Composed of adipose fat tissues?
Kidneys
Where is the kidney located?
12th rib and 1st 3 lumbar spine
Surround and protects the kidneys?
Renal capsule
This is where the vessels or nerves enter and exit?
Hilum
Fat filled cavity which contains the blood vessels
Renal sinus
Wide section of the urinary channel
Renal pelvis
Called “cup of flower”
Calyx (Renal column)
Structure that surrounds the pyramid
Calyx (Renal column)
These are “cone-shpaed” structures?
Renal pyramids
These are the tip of the pyramids?
Renal papilla
Amound of plasma that passes through the kidney?
150-180 L
What are the components of the nephron?
1 Renal corpuscle 2 Proximal Tubule 3 Loop of Henle 4 Distal tubule 5 Collecting Ducts
Made up of glomerulus and bowman’s capsule
Renal corpuscle
Where water gets reabsorbed back to the blood vessels
Proximal Tubule
There parts have two sections which are the ascending and descending
Loop of Henle
Connected to afferent arteriole
Distal tubule
ADH is secreted from the brain to the distal tubule
Colecting ducts
