Alterations (Page 39-40) Flashcards
Is the imaging study of choice for UTI
Ultrasonography
What are the 3 causes of infection for patienyts undergoing ultrasonography?
1 Reflux
2 Urinary stasis or Obstruction
Is it unsual for men to have UTI?
No unless they get STD
It is also known as excretory urogram
Intravenous Pyelography
It is done to evlautae the calyces and pelvis of the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder
Intravenous Pyelography
It requires administration of iodine based dye
Intravenous Pyelography
It is used in patients not responding to antibiotics
Computed Tomography
When shold the CT scan w/ contrast is done?
If perinephric abscess is not present
Why is STD testing done?
Because UTI and STD have the same presenting manifestations
What are some examples of diagnostic tests for STD testing?
1 Anal and genital cultures
2 Serology test for Syphillis
3 HIV test
What are the drug treatment courses for Cystitis?
1 Trimethropim- Sulfamethoxazole 2 Bactrim or septa 3 Nitrofurantoin 4 Amoxicillin 5 Cephalosporins
What is the nursing responsibility for the use of TMP-SMX?
Make sure to ask px for any allergise of sulfa
What is Bactrim or septa used for?
Blocks protein in bacteria needed to survive
Recommended dosage for bactrim?
160 mg TMP/800 mg SMX giveb BID for 3 days
Cheapest or most commonly used drug
Bactrim or septa
Can be used if px is allergic to ceprofloxacin
Bactrim or septa
What is Nitrofurantoin used for?
Keeps bacteria from making DNA needed to survive
Recommended dosage for Nitrofurantoin
100 mg BID for 5 days
Most expensive drug
Nitrofurantoin
What is Amoxicillin used for?
Destroys the bacterial cellular walls
Recommended dosage for Amoxicillin
500 mg BID for 5-7 days
When is Cephalosporin given?
Given 5-7 days
What are the drugs given for high risk patients?
1 Floroquinolones
2 TMP-SMX
3 Beta Lactams
Why are these drugs give for high risk patients?
Since it doesn’t ruin the kidneys
General rule in giving meds for uncomplicated pyelonephritis?
IV meds at first, the the last few days of treatment is oral meds
Preferred for empiric therapy
Floroquinolones
S & S for suspected bacteremia
1 Chills
2 Septic
3 Hypotensive
4 Vomiting
Used for gram positive bacteria
Ciprofloxacin
Used for gram negative bacteria
Gentamicin
What to WOF gentamicin?
1 Ototoxicity & Nephrotoxicity (Fist sign: Loss of hearing)
What are the medications give for extremy ill patients?
1 Aminoglycosides
2 Ciprofloxacin
3 Antipseudomonal penicillin
4 Carbapenam
What are some important patient teachings
1 Drink 8 to 10 glasses of fluid per day
2 Women should wipe from front to back (proper hygiene)
How to prevent Cystitis?
1 Avoid vaginal irritants, perfumes, powders, etc.
2 Urinate after intercourse
3 Perineal care/hygiene
4 Use white toilte paper n wiping perineum
