Fluids Flashcards
1
Q
how much water in intra and extra cellular
A
2/3 extra cellular - 1/3 intracellular
2
Q
Intracellular VS exracellular >Na >K >Cl- >Ca2+
A
10 vs 140
150 vs 4
10 vs 105
0.0001 vs 2.4
3
Q
Goldman equation
A
Electrical gradient across cell is maintained according to concentration of ions in and out of the cell
4
Q
Does sodium readily pass the cell membrane?
A
No
5
Q
Hypo or iso tonic?
>NaCl
>Hartmanns
>5% dextrose
A
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
6
Q
Why do we give fluids?
A
Resuscitation - hypovolaemia and hypotension Replacement - D+V, poor PO intake, insensible losses Routine maintenance - Poor PO intake / NBM Redistribution -Sepsis -Third spacing
7
Q
Why are colloids no longer regularly used?
A
Anaphylaxis
Worsening AKI
Increased clotting
Can be harmful in traumatic brain injury
8
Q
Why is NaCl harmful
A
High volume Na
High volume Cl-
- Renal vasoconstriction
- Hyperchloraemic acidosis
