Fluids Flashcards
1
Q
Water
A
-60% of total BW
-75% of lean tissue weight
-25% or less of fat weight
Smaller % in obese, woman, elderly
2
Q
Water Balance
A
- loses about 2.5 L per day
- Euhydration
- Hypohydration
3
Q
Electrolytes
A
mineral salts that dissolve in water and form ions
4
Q
Functions of Electrolytes
A
- allow electrical charges to occur
- essential to excitable tissues
- contribute to osmotic pressure
5
Q
Electrolyte Balance
A
-controlled by kidneys and GI tract
6
Q
Sweat
A
-hypotonic
fewer electrolytes than blood
-3-4 L/Hr of sweat can be lost due to intense exercise
7
Q
Acclimatization to Heat
A
- higher sweat rate
- earlier onset of sweating
- increased resting plasma volume
- reduced electrolyte content of sweat
8
Q
Sodium Excretion Decrease
A
- Intense exercise
- less sodium excreted per L of urine
- urine output decreases during heavy exercise
9
Q
Effect of Dehydration
A
- decline in performance
- 5% = strength decrements
- 3-4%= loss of muscular endurance
- anaerobic capabilities are affected less
10
Q
Susceptibility to Dehydration
A
- environment
- weight class sports
- equipment
- dark clothing
- fever/diarrhea
- age
11
Q
Hyponatremia
A
- water intoxication
- low blood sodium con.
- osmotic imbalance (swelling of brain)
- caused by excessive sodium loss in sweat
- more likely in woman
12
Q
Staying hydrated
A
Pre- 4 hours= 5-7 ml if no/dark urine
During- .4-.4 L/Hr
-1.5 liters of fluid for each kilogram of weight lost
