fluids 2 Flashcards
things to know when moving a patient on iv fluids
height will change fluid rate
ALWAYS turn on fluids when moving them
ALWAYS reset fluids when stopped moving
When do you stop fluid infusion?
when moving them. Clamp closest to patient and fluid bag
Longer periods where stable enough to not be on fluids + extension set
What are y-injection ports?
where meds or other fluids can be injected into patient
needle ports
needlefree ports
always wipe port b4 use
What is an IV push or bolus? How do you give it?
meds giving IV one-shot
Given 30s-1m
decreases how quickly the drug reaches its peak conc anywhere int he body
decrease risk of toxicity, anaphylaxis, overdose, must flush line afterwards
What is slow IV?
one-shot med given over 10-20 min
these drugs have more toxicity so goal is to prevent sudden spike. Toxic effects if given faster
What is an infusion pump?
volumetric pump
force fluid into vein under pressure, consistent, accurate
must enter ml/hr
range usually 1 ml/hr - 999 ml/hr
some have VTBI
problems: risk of infiltration if cath displaces and forces fluid into tissues
may not alarm if problems, check regularly
occlusion - line is blocked/flow blocked
how much ml/h does a vein need to stay open?
5ml/hr
What is a burette?
gravity based, placed btw patient _ iv bag
used for greater accuracy in measuring sm vol, delivering meds
100-150ml chamber size
1ml increments
chamber filled to desired amount from primary bag
meds injected into port
desired rate set manually (drip chamber) or with pump
MUST be perpendicular to ground
What are flow regulators?
component that is part of an infusion set or can be added to an extension set
provides constant infusion rate to patient
works by controlling size of opening
5ml/hr - 250mh/hr
gravity sets only
no drips to count, single use
how does secondary IV or piggy back Iv work?
purpose: to inc amount of resevoir fluids, to deliver intermittent med or second type of fluid
each bag has own drip chamber so can set independent flow rates
second bag of fluid placed higher than primary bag
higher bag empty first, when done, primary bag will then flow
req specific piggy back infusion set that connects w/ y port
What do inline filters do?
percision filters
openings as small as 0.2 microns
placed in-line
depending on type of filter, can remove air, particulate matter
blood transfusion sets have 160-270 micron filters to remove small clots and clumps due to storage
What is a syringe pump?
purpose: to deliver sm vol of fluid at constant rate over given period of time
vol determined by size of string
used for - meds that cannot be diluted into an iv bag or fluid delivery into very sml patients
What does CRI mean?
continuous fluid rate
dosing regiment used to deliver a constant amount of drug per unit time usually ml/kg/hr, as little as microliters per min
most commonly IV infusion (drip rate is an ex, syringe pump ex)
can also be by transdermal delivery (ex patches)
An 11-pound Yorkshire Terrier has been prescribed a 2 mg/kg/day
constant rate infusion of metoclopramide. The metoclopramide is
to be added to the intravenous fluids. If the concentration of
metoclopramide is 5 mg/ml and the Yorkie’s fluid rate of Lactated
Ringer’s (LRS) is 20 ml/hr, how many milliliters of metoclopramide
should be added to a 500 ml bag of intravenous fluids?
ANSWER:
11lb/2.2 = 5kg
5kgX 2mg/kgX24hr = 0.42 mg/hr
0.42 mg/hr X 1ml/5mg = 0.08ml/hr
500mlX1hr/20ml = 25 hr
25 hr/bag x 0.08 metoclo/hr
= 2 mL of metoclopramide/500mL bag
What happens after you add a drug to an iv line?
make sure to flush with saline or LRS to clear med from line.
give at same rate the med was administered
also flush burette if using to admin a med. vol at least 2x the amount of dead space in the tubing btw burette and patient. given at same rate as drug was admin
