Fluids Flashcards
What is dynamic friction?
A force that is constantly trying to remove energy
Dynamic friction occurs when an object is in motion and experiences resistance due to contact with another surface.
What is static friction?
Stops something from starting to move
Static friction acts on objects that are not moving and prevents them from starting to move.
What is the definition of friction?
A force that resists movement
Friction is the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
What does viscosity refer to?
How easily a fluid flows
Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow, with higher viscosity indicating a thicker fluid.
More friction = less flow = _____________
Fill in the blank
Higher Viscosity
Less friction = More flow = _____________
Fill in the blank
Lower Viscosity
What is flow?
Particles move around each other and take the shape of their container.
What states of matter exhibit flow?
Liquids, gases, and plasma.
How do forces affect flow?
Forces change the behavior of particles in flow.
What is a Non-Newtonian Fluid?
A fluid whose viscosity is not constant.
How does viscosity change in a Non-Newtonian Fluid?
Viscosity changes when you apply a force.
Non-Newtonian Fluids
What happens to viscosity with more pressure?
More pressure results in more resistance inside (higher viscosity).
Non-Newtonian Fluids
What happens to viscosity with less pressure?
Less pressure allows the fluid to flow easier (lower viscosity).
What are examples of Non-Newtonian Fluids?
Examples include blood, cement, and quicksand.
What are liquids and gases classified as?
Fluids
What characteristic allows fluids to flow?
Molecules move around each other because of a weak bond
What shape do fluids take?
The shape of their container
In what manner do fluids exert pressure?
In all directions
Can fluids be compressed?
Yes
Which type of fluid is easier to compress?
Gas
Which type of fluid is harder to compress?
Liquid
What is one role of fluid in the context of drinking water with a pill and how does it help?
Reducing friction and it lubricates the pill for easier swallowing
What role does fluid play in flushing the toilet?
Suspension and lubrication
What is the role of motor oil in an engine and how does motor oil affect friction on engine parts?
Lubrication and it reduces friction
What is a cooking oil’s role when making pancakes?
Lubrication and reducing friction
What does cooking oil prevent when cooking?
Stops food from sticking to surfaces
What role does fluid play when putting on shoes?
Reducing friction and cushioning
What is the purpose of gel in insoles?
Cushion feet
What is a slurry?
Mixture of solids and liquids
What is the purpose of a slurry?
Makes the solids easier to transport
Give one examples of where slurry is used.
Concrete
What is paper pulp?
A form of slurry used in paper production
What can fluids become?
Solids
Fluids can transition into solid states under certain conditions.
Why can solids be easier to transport than liquids?
Solids are generally easier to transport
Solids are more stable and less likely to spill during transport.
In what form can solids be sometimes found?
As liquids
Some materials can exist in both solid and liquid states depending on conditions.
What are two applications where solids are easier to move and apply?
Caulking, concrete
These materials are commonly used in construction and repairs.
What is one use of oil in a car?
Reduce friction
Oil in a car helps to minimize the resistance between moving parts, enhancing performance.
What is another use of oil in a pan?
Reduce friction
Oil in a pan prevents food from sticking and ensures even cooking.
Name a benefit of using oil in machinery.
Reduce heat and noise
Oil lubricates parts, which reduces the heat generated by friction and minimizes operational noise.
What protective function does oil serve?
Protective barrier for corrosion
Oil forms a layer that helps shield metal surfaces from corrosive elements.
How does oil help in regulating temperature?
Regulating temperature
Oil can absorb and dissipate heat, helping to maintain optimal operating temperatures.
What is a cushioning effect provided by oil?
Cushioning (air in tire)
Oil can act similarly to air in a tire, providing a cushioning effect that absorbs shocks.
What is thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion is the increase in volume of matter when energy (heat) is added.
What happens to particles during thermal expansion?
Particles move faster.
What occurs to the volume of matter during thermal expansion?
Matter increases in volume.
Does thermal expansion apply to all matter?
Yes, it applies to all matter.
Give three examples of thermal expansion.
- Train tracks
- Bridge
- Joints
What volume do different molicules have?
The have different volumes
What determines flow?
Viscosity
For liquids: The higher the temperature the ________ the viscosity. Why?
Lower. Because the molecules have less time to bond together. Making them slip by each other.
For gases: The higher the temperature the ________ the viscosity. Why?
Higher. Because when the molecules speed up they start crashing into each other and slowing down.
What is the formula to find volume?
V= LxWxH
