Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main indications of using sodium chloride over hartmans/ compound sodium lactate solution?

A

Usually in sodium depletion, which can arise from such conditions as

  • gastro-enteritis
  • diabetic ketoacidosis
  • ileus
  • and ascites
  • And prefered in head injury: hyper-osmolar therefore reduced likelyhood of cerebral oedema

But: risk of hyperchloraemic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are usual dails fluid requirements in the adult?
(Volume, Electrolytes and urine output)

A

Fluids: 25-30 ml/kg water (~2-3L IV)
Electrolytes: 1mmol/kg NA, CL, K+
Urine output: 0.5mg/kg/h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are contraindications to the administration of Hartman’s?

A
  1. Liver failure - cannot metabolise lactate
  2. Hyperkalaemia - renal failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What would be a common maintenance fluid prescription for a healthy adult?

A

Usually 1 salty 2 sweet (some argue 2 salty 1sweet) + Potassium

= 8hrl bags with 20mmol K+ per bag

(in the PSA they usually like 80kg males to 80mmol K+ over 24h)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the maintenance requirement of potassium for a patient with a normal potassium level?

A

Aim for between 40-80 mmol/ day (1mmol/kg/day)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the maximum rate of infusion of potassium?

A

Maximum rate of delivery: 10mmol/h (or 20mmol/h in ICU)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When should you replace potassium orally, and when should you think about IV replacement?

A

2.6 - 3.4: Oral replacement
if < 2.5: IV replacements

  • 40mmol of Potasssium in 1L = 0.3%
  • 20mmol of Potassium in 1L = 0.15%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some contraindications to thrombophrophylaxis (anticoagulation medicines) in hospital?

A

Acute bleeding risk (including recent ischaemic stroke)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are contraindications to compression stockings?

A

Peripheral arterial disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly