Fluid Therapy Flashcards
What are the signs at 5% dehydration?
Skin tent = 1-3s
MM = Moist to slightly tacky
CRT = Normal (
What are the signs at 8% dehydration?
Skin tent = 3-5s MM = Tacky CRT = Variable, often 2-3s HR = 40-60bpm Other = Decreased arterial bp
What are the signs at 10-12% dehydration?
Skin tent = 5+ MM = Dry CRT = Variable, often >4s HR = 60+bpm Other = Reduced jugular fill, barely detectable peripheral pulse, sunken eyes
NOTE: Cattle tend to get sunken eyes earlier than horses
What are the signs at 12-15% dehydration?
Skin tent = 5+ MM = Dry CRT = Variable, often >4s HR = 60+bpm Other = Obvious sunken eyes, obvious shock, death imminent @ 15%
What is the mainenance fluid rate for horses?
60mL/kg
How do you calculate total fluids?
Maintenance + Deficit + Ongoing losses
In a free flow system, flow is determined by what 4 things?
Height from horse
Size of all equipment
Length of system
Fluid viscosity
What are 4 possible complications of the IV catheter?
Throbosis
Septic phlebitis
Perivascular leakage
Breakage (loss in heart of lung, BAD!!!)
What are all the routes of administration (7)?
SQ PO (os) IP (peritoneal) IO (osseous) IC (cecal PR (rectal) IV (venous)
What is the major contraindication for giving fluids PO in a horse?
If the horse is refluxing
What are 3 major factors when deciding what route to use?
Rate of flow needed
Minimize thrombogenicity
Vessel sparing
What 3 things does the typical equine set-up consist of?
4x5L bags
Large bore coil system
Gravity flow
How high should the fluid bags be?
8’ from the base of the horses heart
What is the flow of a 10G catheter?
36.5L/hr
What is the flow of a 12G catheter?
26.9L/hr
