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Intro to Clin Med > Fluid Therapy > Flashcards

Fluid Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Total body H2O makes up what % of an animal’s BW?

A

60%

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2
Q

ICF makes up what % of Total Body H2O?

A

66% of TBW

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3
Q

ECF makes up what % of Total Body H2O?

A

33% of TBW

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4
Q

Which compartment in the ECF holds the most H2O?

A

Interstitial → 50% of ECF fluid

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5
Q

Blood Volume makes up wha % of Total Body H2O?

A

8% TBW

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6
Q

Hydrostatic Pressure pushes or pulls fluid?

A

Pushes!

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7
Q

Oncotic Pressure pushes or pulls fluid?

A

Pulls!

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8
Q

Colloid Onocotic Pressure pulls fluid into ________.

A

Capillaries

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9
Q

Insterstial Oncotic Pressure pulls fluid _________?

A

out of the capillaries → interstitium

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10
Q

Which Effective Osmols can move between the ECF & ICF?

(“Big 3”)

A
  • Na+
  • Cl-
  • HCO3- (bicarb)
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11
Q

Which Effective Osmols are fixed inside the cell?

(3)

A
  • K+
  • PO4-
  • Intracellular Proteins
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12
Q

What does a RBC do in a HYPOtonic soln?

A

Swells→hemolysis

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13
Q

What does an RBC do in a HYPERtonic soln?

A

Shrinks → crenation

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14
Q

1 L of fluid is the equivalent of what weight?

A

1 L = 1 Kg

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15
Q

4 Anatomical Classifications of Shock

A

Cardiogenic

Distributive

Hypovolemic

Obstructive

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16
Q

Dr. Green’s Bicarb/CO2 Rule to determine Compensation?

A

For every 1 point increase in Bicarb, CO2 should increase by ~0.7 points

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17
Q

In Acidosis, what electrolytes are cells losing (2) & gaining (1)?

A
  • Losing → K+ & Mg2+
  • Gaining → H+
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18
Q

In Alkalosis, what electrolytes are cells losing (1) & gaining (2)

A
  • Losing→ H+
  • Gaining→ K+ & Mg2+
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19
Q

What value indicates HYPOnatremia?

A

< 120 mEg/L

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20
Q

What value indicates HYPERnatremia?

A

> 160 mEq/L

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21
Q

What syndrome can be caused by HYPOnatremia?

A

Osmotic Demylination Syndrom

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22
Q

What syndrome can be caused by HYPERnatremia?

A

Cerebral Edema

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23
Q

Normal [K+] in the body?

A

150 mEq/L

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24
Q

How many times does HYPERtonic Saline expand the intravascular space when given IV?

A

6x’s

25
Q

Which Crystalloid is Acidifying?

A

0.9% Saline (NaCl)

26
Q

Which Crystalloids are Alkalinizing?

A
  • LRS
  • P-148 or Normosol-R
27
Q

Which Crystalloid has the most K+?

How much?

A

P-148 or Normosol

5 mEq/L

28
Q

Which Crystalloid fluids contain 4 mEq/L of K+?

A

Ringers & LRS

29
Q

Which Crystalloid fluids contain Ca2+?

How much Ca do they have?

A
  • LRS → 3 mEq/L
  • Ringer’s soln → 4.5 mEq/L
30
Q

Which 2 Crystalloids contain Bicarb?

What is their Bicarb makeup?

A
  • LRS → Lactate
  • Norm-R/P-148 → Acetate & Gluconate
31
Q

Did Cat’s “read the book” on shock? (Y/N)

If no, what’s different?

A
  • No
  • Bradycardia
  • Hypothermia
  • Hypotenstion
  • Require re-warming before resuscitation
32
Q

Dog Shock Dose for Isotonic Crystalloids?

A

20-30 mL/Kg bolus → Reassess→ Repeat if needed

(80-90 mL/kg TOTAL divided into 3 or 4 seperate boluses)

33
Q

Dog Shock Dose for Colloid?

A

5 mL/Kg bolus → reassess → repeat if needed

(20 mL/Kg TOTAL divided into 4 boluses)

34
Q

Cat Shock Dose for Crystalloids?

A

10-16.6 mL/Kg bolus → reassess → repeat if needed

(40-50 mL/Kg divided in 3 to 4 seperate boluses)

35
Q

Cat Shock Dose for Colloids?

A

2.5-5 mL/Kg bolus → reassess→ repeat if needed

(10-15 mL/Kg divided into 3-4 seperate boluses)

36
Q

Dog Total Blood Volume?

A

8-9% BW (Liters)

or

80-90 mL/Kg

37
Q

Cat Total Blood Volume?

A

5-6% BW (Liters)

or

50-60 mL/Kg

38
Q

In SA, if there is no chart available, what should your Maintenance Fluid Rate be?

A

60 mL/Kg/day

39
Q

What is normal Urine production for an animal?

A

2 mL/Kg/hr

40
Q

Maximum K+ dose?

A

0.5 mEq/Kg/hr

41
Q

Ruminant Shock Dose?

A

90 mL/Kg/hr TOTAL (divide up & give as smaller boluses)

42
Q

Adult L.A. Maintenance Requirement?

A

50 mL/Kg/day

43
Q

Neonate Ruminant Maintenance Requirement?

A

80 mL/Kg/day

44
Q

How do you calculate Bicarb deficiet?

A

Bicarb (mmol) = BWKg x (30-TCO2) x (0.3 or 0.5 or 0.6)age

45
Q

What is the Bicarb Deficiet constant for Neonates?

A

0.6

46
Q

What is the Bicarb Deficiet constant for Teenagers?

A

0.5

47
Q

What is the Bicarb Deficiet constant for Adults?

A

0.3

48
Q

How do you calculate Na+ Replacement?

A

Na+(mmol) = (125 - measured Na+ (mmol/L)) x BWKg x 0.6

49
Q

How do you calculate fluid deficiet?

A

% Dehydration x BWKg = L of fluid lost

50
Q

How do you administer fluids to LA?

A
  • Give ¼ deficit + (maintenance/hr) + (ongoing losses/hr) in the fist 1-2 hours
  • Give the remaining volume over the next 12-24 hrs.
51
Q

How do you administer IV Bicarb to Ruminants?

A
  • Give ½ dose in first 30 min
  • Give remainder of dose over 12 hours
52
Q

What % of BW is H2O in a neonate horse?

A

75-80% BW

53
Q

Horse is 6% dehydrated.

Give the expected values for HR, CRT, & Creatinine.

A

6% dehydrated

  • HR → 40-60 BPM
  • CRT → 2 sec
  • Creatinine → 1.5-2.0 mg/dL
54
Q

Horse is 8% dehydrated.

Give the expected values for HR, CRT & Creatinine

A

8% dehydrated

  • HR → 61-80 BPM
  • CRT → 3 secs
  • Creatinine → 2-3 mg/dL
55
Q

Horse is 10% dehydrated.

Give expected values for HR, CRT & Creatinine.

A

10% dehydrated

  • HR→ 81-100 BPM
  • CRT → 4 secs
  • Creatinine → 3-4 mg/dL
56
Q

Horse is 12% dehydrated.

Give the expected values for HR, CRT & Creatinine.

A

12% dehydrated

  • HR → > 100
  • CRT → > 4 secs
  • Creatinine → >4 mg/dL
57
Q

In a horse, how many L of Isotonic fluids must you add per 1 L of Hypertonic Saline (HSS)

A

1O:1

(Liters)

58
Q

Horse Shock Dose?

A

50-80 mL/Kg

or

8% BWKg

59
Q

What is the approximate volume needed to resuscitate a 500 Kg horse?

A

~ 40 L

Intro to Clin Med (2 decks)

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