Fluid Mechanics Pipe Flow

Question 1

what is laminar flow ?

Answer 1

smooth directional flow

Question 2

what is turbulent flow?

Answer 2

flow with mixed directions, eddies

Question 3

How is flow characterised?

Answer 3

Using Reynolds number (dimensionless):

if Re>200- turbulent

Question 4

What is Reynolds number?

Answer 4

Ratio of viscous and internal forces (product of density, velocity, diameter of pipe divided by viscosity)

Question 5

diameter of pipe with non-circular cross section

Answer 5

d= 4A/P

4 times the cross sectional area divided by the perimet

Question 6

diameter of pipe with non-circular cross section

Answer 6

d= 4A/P

4 times the cross sectional area divided by the perimeter

Question 7

how is friction characterised?

Answer 7

fanning friction factor f (dimensionless)

Question 8

how is the fanning friction factor calculated for laminar flow?

Answer 8

f= 16/Re

Question 9

how is the fanning friction factor calculated for turbulent flow?

Answer 9

estimated using the Roughness ratio ( fanning friction factor read from table)

Question 10

What is the engineering Bernoulli Equation (EBE)

Answer 10

Equation to determine properties of two points connected through a streamline

Question 11

What is the engineering Bernoulli Equation (EBE) ?

Answer 11

Equation to determine properties of two points connected through a streamline

Question 12

What is the engineering Bernoulli Equation (EBE) used for?

Answer 12

used to determine velocity of fluid in pipe

Question 13

what is alpha ( EBE) ?

Answer 13

for turbulent 1

for laminar 2

Question 14

what is Ws (EBE) ?

Answer 14

shaft work per unit mass of fluid ( work from pump)

Question 15

what is lv (EBE)?

Answer 15

viscous losses :

2 times length of pipe f velocity squared divided by diameter

Question 16

what is lv (EBE)?

Answer 16

viscous losses :

2 times length of pipe f velocity squared divided by diameter

Question 17

for turbulent flow v in connected tanks is=?

Answer 17

v=sqrt(ddeltaH/2f*L)

Question 18

for laminar flow v in connected tanks is=?

Answer 18

v = rhogdeltaHd^2/32μ*L