Exam Prep 1 Flashcards
How many steps are involved in the chemical product design approach?
4
What is the first step in the chem product design approach?
Needs:
what needs should my product fill?
What is the 2nd step in the chem product design approach?
Ideas:
What different products could satisfy these needs?
What is the 3 rd step in the chem product design approach?
Selection:
Which ideas are the most promising?
What is the 4 th. step in the chem product design approach?
Manufacture:
How can we make the product in commercial quantities?
How many types of chemical products are there?
4 Commodities Devices Microstructures Molecules
Commodities Scale
Continuum
Commodities: Key
Cost
Commodities Examples
ethylene ammonia
Commodities Basis
Reaction engineering
unit operations
Commodities Risk
Feedstock
Devices Examples
Artificial Kidneys
home oxygen
Devices Scale
Meters
Devices Key
Convenience
DevicesBasis
Reaction engineering
unit operations
Devices Risk
intellectual property
Molecules Examples
Penicilin
Prozac
Molecules Scale
Nanometers
Molecules Key
Discovery
Molecules Basis
Chemistry
Molecules Risk
Discovery
Microstructures Examples
Sunscreen
surimi
Microstructures Scale
Micrometers
Microstructures Key
Function
Microstructures Basis
Recipe
Microstructures Risk
Science
How many steps are involved in water treatment
5
1 step in water treatment:
Coagulation
removes dirt and other particles suspended in water
2 step in water treatment:
Sedimentation
flocs settle to the bottom and the clear water moves to filtration
3 step in water treatment:
Filtration
water passes through filters that help remove even smaller particles
4 step in water treatment:
Disinfection
process in which disinfection method(chlorination) is used to kill bacteria and other micro organisms
5 step in water treatment:
Storage
Water is placed in a closed tank or reservoir in order for the disinfection to take place.
the water is then distributed through pipes to consumer
express the conservation of mass balance as an equation
Appearance- Disappearance= Accumulation
Appearance (Mass Balance) consists of :
Input+ Generation
Disappearance (Mass Balance) consists of :
Output + Consumption
Accumulation (Mass Balance) consists of :
Build up
Input
enters through the system boundaries
Generation
produced within the system boundaries
Output
leaves through the system boundaries
Consumption
consumed within the system boundaries
Accumulation
buildup within the system boundaries
batch process
the feed is charged to the system at the start of the process and the product is removed at the end.
No mass crosses the system boundaries while the process runs
continuous process
inputs and outputs flow continuously throughout the process
Semi batch/ semi continuous
a combination of batch and continuous process
breathing
continuous
Preparing hard boiled eggs by keeping the eggs in an open saucepan full of
boiling water on a stove for 15 minutes.
batch
feeding crude oil through a fractional distilation column
continuous
a baloon is filled with air at a steady rate of 2g/min
batch
grilling a steak on the barbecue
continuous
passing water through an activated sludge gate
continuous
steady state process
process variables do not change with time
transient process`
process variables change with time
process variables to consider
temperature pressure volume flow rates
