Fluid mechanics Flashcards

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1
Q

Density

A

Mass per unit of volume of a fluid

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2
Q

Pressure

A

Force per unit area in a fluid

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3
Q

Viscosity

A

Force per unit area due to the friction fluid arising from the relative motion of the neighboring elements in a fluid.

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4
Q

Streamlines

A

The lines of the flow around an object in a fluid. Example: Wind tunnel

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5
Q

Conservation of mass

A

The mass of fluid is equal at every point of a tube

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6
Q

Mass continuity

A

conservation of mass

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7
Q

Equation for conservation of mass

A

ρUA = constant

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8
Q

Flow along a stream tube equation

A

ρ1U1A1 = ρ2U2A2

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9
Q

Energy conservation in an ideal fluid

A

Bernoulli’s equation

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10
Q

Bernoulli’s equation

A
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11
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

The fluid at a given depth z is all at the same pressure p.

(In case the fluid is stationary: u=0)

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12
Q

The significance of Bernoulli’s equation shows:

A

the pressure in a moving fluid decreases as the speed increases.

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13
Q

coeficient of dynamic viscosicty (greek symbol):

A

μ

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14
Q

The viscous shear force per unit of area (equation)

A
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15
Q

Two different kinds of flow in a viscous fluid

A
  • Laminar flow
  • Turbulent flow
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16
Q

Laminar flow

A

the fluid flows along distinct flow tubes and is stable

17
Q

Turbulent flow

A

The motion of the flow is disorderly and unstable

18
Q

Wheter a flow is laminar or turbulent is determined by

A

the Rennolds number

19
Q

Reynolds number equation

A
20
Q

Drag force

A

a net force in the direction of motion

21
Q

Drag force equation

A

D = 1/2CdρU2A

22
Q

Lift force

A

D = 1/2ClρU2A

23
Q

Drag coefficient

A

Cd

24
Q

Lift coefficient

A

Cl

25
Q

A fluid can be a

A
  • Liquid
  • Gas
26
Q

Important properties of a fluid

A
  • Density
  • Pressure
  • Viscosity
27
Q

Paramaters of a flowing fluid

A
  • Speed
  • Volume flow
  • Mass flow
28
Q

2 types of hydro turbines

A
  1. uses potential energy to convert to conetic energy
  2. uses pressure to power turbine
29
Q

Drag and lift force are

A

air resistance, fluid resistance in the direction of the flow