Fluid Homeostasis and NFP

Question 1

List the distribution of body fluids.

Answer 1

1. Intracelluar fluid (ICF) within cells
2. Extracellular fluid (ECF) outside cells
   
   • interstitial
   • intravascular

Question 2

The extracellular compartment actually has two components. Can you name them?

Answer 2

1. Interstitial compartment (between cells but outside blood)
2. Vascular compartment (plasma, CSF, lymph, urine, etc).

Question 3

Where is the water physically moving through?

Answer 3

Aquaporins of the plasma membrane

Question 4

Osmolality

Answer 4

A measure of the number of solute in a solution

Question 5

Define osmoles.

Answer 5

Number of solute in a solution (after association of molecule)

Question 6

What is the normal osmolality of plasma?

Answer 6

285-295 mOsm (osmolality in milliosmole)

Question 7

True or False:

The intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid have the same osmolality or solute concentration (normally)

Answer 7

True! We call this isotonic, which is vital for our survival.

Question 8

Between the extra cellular compartments, what type of movement do we see?

Answer 8

Filtration

Question 9

Between the intracellular compartment and the interstitial compartment, what type of movement do we see

Answer 9

Osmosis

Question 10

What molecules do we mainly find inside the cell (intracellular)?

Answer 10

Main cation is K+

Main anions are phosphates and proteins

Question 11

Molecules do we mainly find outside of the cell, in the interstitial fluid?

Answer 11

Main cation is Na+

Main anion is Cl-

Question 12

True or False:

Concentration level of molecules is the different between intracellular and interstitial.

Answer 12

False

Total concentration is at the same level between the two. However, molecules vary in their specific concentrations.

Question 13

What is the big rule of osmosis?

Answer 13

Water follows solute

Question 14

Why is the cell membrane selectively permeable to electrolytes but not to water?

Answer 14

Electrolytes or ions are charged

Question 15

How can we track the strength of a solution?

Answer 15

By looking at its osmolality (solute concentration)

Question 16

If a solution has a higher osmolality, what can we conclude?

Answer 16

We can conclude that the solution has more solutes in it. This means there is a greater tendency for water to move towards or into the high solute solution.

Question 17

List the types of solution strengths relative to a cell.

Answer 17

Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic

Question 18

Hypertonic solution

Answer 18

Solution has more solutes than inside the cell

Water moves out of the cell by osmosis, causing cell to shrink

Question 19

Crenation

Answer 19

Shriveling of a cell

Question 20

Hypotonic solution

Answer 20

Solution has fewer solutes than inside the cell

Water moves into the cell by osmosis and the cell will swell

Question 21

Hemolysis

Answer 21

When a blood cell ruptures from too much water

Question 22

Isotonic solution

Answer 22

Solution has the same solute concentration as inside the cell

Question 23

Is there any net movement of water in an isotonic solution?

Answer 23

No

Question 24

Which of the three solution strengths are the normal homeostatic condition?

Answer 24

Isotonic

Question 25

Say I have a cell with 300 mOsm that is in a solution of 500 mOsm. What’s going to happen to the cell?

Answer 25

Cell will shrink and undergo crenation

Question 26

Say I have a cell with 300 mOsm that is in a solution of 100 mOsm. What’s going to happen to the cell?

Answer 26

Cell will lyse

Question 27

What is osmotic pressure?

Answer 27

The pressure required to PREVENT the movement of water by osmosis across a cell membrane.

Question 28

What creates osmotic pressure?

Answer 28

The number of solutes in a solution.

If a cell contains high solute and is in a low-solute environment, then there will be increased osmotic pressure INSIDE the cell because that solute is causing a huge influx of water, creating more tension as water flows into the cell.