Fluid Flow Measurement

Question 1

Ratio of the actual discharge through the device to the ideal or theoretical discharge which would occur without losses

Answer 1

Coefficient of Discharge

Question 2

This discharge may be accomplished by series of observation, usually by measuring the total amount of fluid passing through the device for a known period

Answer 2

Actual Discharge

Question 3

This discharge can be accomplished using the Bernoulli’s Energy Theorem neglecting losses

Answer 3

Theoretical Discharge

Question 4

Ratio of the actual mean velocity to the ideal or theoretical velocity which would occur without any losses

Answer 4

Coefficient of Velocity

Question 5

Formula of Coefficient of Velocity

Answer 5

Cν = Actual Velocity/Theoretical Discharge= ν/νr

Question 6

Ratio of the actual area of the contracted section of the stream or jet to the area of the opening though which the fluid flows

Answer 6

Coefficient of Contraction

Question 7

An opening (usually circular) with a closed perimeter through which fluid flows and is used primarily to measure or to control the flow of fluid

Answer 7

Orifice

Question 8

Formula of Theoretical Velocity in Orifice

Answer 8

νt = sqrt(2gH)

Question 9

Formula of Actual Velocity in Orifice

Answer 9

ν = Cνsqrt(2gH)

Question 10

Formula of Theoretical Discharge in Orifice

Answer 10

Qt = Asqrt(2gH)

Question 11

An instrument used in measuring the discharge through pipes

Answer 11

Venturi Meter

Question 12

The statement, “increase in kinetic energy is equal to the decrease in potential energy”, is known as the

Answer 12

Venturi Principle

Question 13

A converging tube installed at the end of a pipe or hose for the purpose of increasing the velocity of the issuing jet

Answer 13

Nozzle

Question 14

A bent (L-shaped or U-shaped) tube with both ends open and is used to measure the velocity of fluid flow

Answer 14

Pitot Tube

Question 15

Overflow structures which are built across an open channel for the purpose of measuring or controlling the flow of liquids

Answer 15

Weirs

Question 16

Classification of Weirs according to form

Answer 16

Sharp-crested Weirs, Broad-crested Weirs, Contracted Rectangular Weirs, Suppressed Weirs

Question 17

Classification of Weirs according to shape

Answer 17

Rectangular Weirs, Triangular Weirs, Trapezoidal Weirs

Question 18

Classification of Weirs according to flow over a weir

Answer 18

Free, Submerged

Question 19

The overflowing stream in a weir

Answer 19

Nappe

Question 20

The edge or top surface of a weir with which the flowing liquid comes in contact

Answer 20

Crest of weir

Question 21

The downward curvature of the liquid surface before the weir

Answer 21

Drop-down curve

Question 22

The distance between the liquid surface and the crest of the weir, measured before the drop-down curve

Answer 22

Head

Question 23

When the weir does not extend completely across the width of the channel

Answer 23

Contracted Rectangular Weirs

Question 24

The length of the weir is equal to the width of the channel

Answer 24

Suppressed Rectangular Weirs