Fluid & Electrolytes Flashcards
Adult body weight is __% water
60
Older adult is ____ -____% water
45-55
Do women have a greater or smaller percentage of water?
Smaller due to fat
Infant body water
70-80%
Fluid compartments (body fluid breakdown
Intracellular - 70%
Extracellular - 30%
Extracellular fluid breakdown
Interstitial - 75%
Intravascular 25%
Transcellular fluids (CSF, intraocular fluid, GI tract secretions, pleural fluid)
Plasma is ____ % of body weight
5%
Why do you have more intracellular fluid as you get older?
Because you have more cells
Functions of body water
Provides form Maintains heat balance Transports food & electrolytes Allows electrolytes to ionize Transports gases and wastes Medium for chemical reactions Lubricant Shock absorber
What is the best way to prevent post-op complications?
Early and frequent ambulation
What is the best way to assess fluid balance in an adult?
A child?
Daily weight
Specific gravity
Insensible fluid loss
Cannot measure (skin, sweat, feces, lungs) *Person with increased temp and frequent respirations may be losing more fluid
Normal daily I&O
2000-2500 mL
Intake includes
Liquid
Food
Oxidation of food
Output includes
Lungs
Skin
Urine
Feces