Fluid & Electrolytes 3

Question 1

Aldosterone causes..

Answer 1

Retention of Na, Cl and H2O

Excretion of K

Question 2

Aldosterone is secreted in response to..

Answer 2

Hypovolemia
Surgery
High potassium, low sodium
Anxiety

Question 3

Addison’s disease

Answer 3

Adrenal atrophy –> Decrease in aldosterone

Question 4

Cushing’s Disease and Syndrome

Answer 4

Increased ACTH–) adrenal cortex –> increased aldosterone

Question 5

CHF (aldosterone)

Answer 5

Increased aldosterone secondary to decreased CO

Question 6

Renin is secreted by the..

Answer 6

Kidneys

Question 7

Aldosterone is controlled by..

Answer 7

Angiotensin II and K+

Question 8

Vomiting / /NG suctioning can cause…

Answer 8

Acid base imbalances
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalances

Question 9

Both the small and large bowel have ______ secretions

Answer 9

Alkaline

Question 10

Repeated tap water enemas could lead to…

Answer 10

Hyponatremia

Question 11

For 24-48 hours, stress increases….

Answer 11

Aldosterone, glucocorticoids and ADH

Question 12

After 48 hours, stress causes..

Answer 12

Diuresis, decrease in hormones, F&E excreted

Question 13

Moderate vs severe water deficit signs and symptoms

Answer 13

High specific gravity, scant amount

Oliguria, concentrated urine

Question 14

Mild dehydration: __% water loss, s/s…

Answer 14

2%

Thirst

Question 15

Dehydration will cause a ____ in hct, hug and BUN

Answer 15

Increase

Question 16

Severe dehydration: __% water loss, s/s…

Answer 16

8%
Systolic BP <60
Mental Status changes

Question 17

s/s fatal dehydration

Answer 17

Anuria

Coma leading to death

Question 18

Isotonic disorders

Answer 18

No change in osmolality, no cellular effects

Question 19

Isotonic dehydration causes

Answer 19

Diarrhea, vomiting, GI suction, hemorrhage, burns, hyperthermia, anorexia, NPO, problems with intake

Question 20

Isotonic dehydration: 
\_\_ Hct
\_\_BUN
\_\_ Serum creatinine
\_\_UO
\_\_Na

Answer 20

Increased 
Increased
Increased 
Decreased 
Normal