Fluid, electrolyte, and acid base Flashcards
A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration which of the following assessment is the priority
Mental status – the greatest risk to the client is injury from fall due to decline and their mental status
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has fluid volume excess which of the following laboratory value should the nurse expect
-HCT below expected range
37 - 47/42–52
-BUN below expected reference range
10–20
-urine specific gravity above below reference range
1.010–1.025
Hgb Below expected reference range
12–16/14–18
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide and notes that the client is confused and lethargic which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the Provider
sodium below the expected range of one 35–1 45 which is likely to cause altered mental status the nurse should report this finding in monitor for Weeknd respiratory effort 
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has kidney disease which of the following food choices should the nurse include in the teaching as containing the lowest amount of magnesium
One large hard-boiled egg
The nurse is assessing a client who has calcium level of 8.1 which of the following findings is priority for the nurse to assess
Cardiac rhythm when using the airway breathing circulation approach the client care the nurse should assess the client cardiac rhythm because this total serum calcium level is below expected range hypocalcemia can cause ECG changes, bradycardia, or tachycardia
A nurse is caring for a client who has a sodium level of 155 which of the following IV fluids should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe
0.45% sodium chloride Dash prescription for a hypotonic solution such as 0.45% sodium chloride is used to provide free water and treat cellular dehydration which promotes waste illumination by the kidneys
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypomagnesium Which of the following should the nurse expect
Hyper active DTR, muscle cramps, numbness, tingling
A nurse is assessing a client who has phosphorus level of 2.4 which of the following findings should the nurse expect
Slow peripheral pulses, difficult to find an easy to block
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing respiratory distress as a result of pulmonary edema which of the following action should the nurse take first
Initiate high flow oxygen therapy five facemask at 5 to 6 L/minute to keep oxygen saturation above 90%
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a potassium level of three The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following findings
Orthostatic hypotension respiratory distress, weak thready pulse is, hypo reflexia – week hand grip strength and weak DTR
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis following surgery which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching
I will use the incentive spirometer every hour
A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA following a direct me the client is short of breath, appears restless, and has a respiratory rate of 28/men. The clients ABG results are PH 7.52, PaO2 89, PaCO2 28, HCO3 24 which of the following action should the nurse take
PH ⬆️
PaO2 WNL
PaCO2 ⬇️
HCO3 WNL
Provide calming interventions – the client should decrease respiratory rate, which will cause the clients carbon dioxide levels to increase and lower the pH
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has DM and is receiving regular insulin I can continuous IV infusion to treat diabetic keto acidosis which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider
Serum potassium below the expected range. Hypokalemia is a serious complication that can occur when a client who has DKA is receiving insulin to treat the condition
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has venous insufficiency of the lower extremities which of the following statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching
when I sit down to watch TV I will be sure to put my feet up – elevating the feet will increase venous return the client should elevate their feet for at least 20 minutes several times per day
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has heart failure and is receiving for Rosa made which of the following food should the nurse recommend as containing the greatest amount of potassium
One cup plain yogurt
The nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory acidosis which of the following findings should the nurse expect
Confusion dash from a lack of cerebral perfusion if acidosis is not reverse the clients level of consciousness will decrease and, can occur
A nurse is admitting a client who takes 40 Milligrams for Rosa my daily for heart failure and has experience three days of vomiting the nurse suspects hypokalemia which of the following medication should the nurse is preparing to administer
0.9% sodium chloride with 10 MAQ/L a potassium chloride at 100 mL per hour
This IV solution will provide adequate fluid and potassium replacement to offset the losses from vomiting
A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus the client ABG results are pH 7.32 PaO2 74, PaCO2 56, HCO3 26 the nurse should interpret these laboratory values as which of the following imbalances
PH⬇️
PaO2 ⬇️
PaCO2 ⬆️
HCO3 WNL
Respiratory acidosis
A nurse is teaching nutritional strategies to a client who has a low Calcium level and an allergy to milk. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
I will add broccoli and kale to my diet – which are good sources of calcium as alternatives to dairy products
A nurse is caring for a client who reports difficulty breathing and tingling in both hands is respiratory rate is 36 per minute and he appears very restless which of the following values should the nurse anticipate to be outside of the expected reference range if the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis
PaCO2 will be decreased due to hyperventilation
A nurse is caring for a client who has dehydration and is receiving IV fluids when assessing for complications the nurse should recognize which of the following manifestations as a sign of fluid overload
Bounding peripheral pulses, increase respiratory rate, increase G.I. motility, decreased urine specific gravity
A nurse is planning care for a client who is experienced excessive fluid loss which of the following intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care
Administer IV fluids to a client evenly over 24 hours, encourage the client to rise slowly when standing up, with a client every eight hours
A nurse is caring for a client who requires nasogastric suctioning which of the following sets of laboratory results indicate that the client has metabolic alkalosis
PH⬆️
HcO3 ⬆️
PH 7.51, PaO2 94, PaCO2 36, HCO3 31
The nurse is assessing a client who has hyperkalemia which of the following findings should the nurse expect
decreased Muscle strength, weakness, fatigue, paresthesia, nausea
A nurse is caring for a client requires continuous cardiac monitoring the nurse identifies a prolonged PR interval, widened QRS complex which of the following laboratory values support this finding
Potassium above five can cause prolonged PR interval’s, wide QRS complex, a flat or absent P waves, and tall peaked T waves
 A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving for us my daily during the morning assessment the client tells the nurse he is feeling weak in the legs which of the following action should the nurse take first
auscultate the lungs, hypokalemia an adverse effect
While reviewing a clients laboratory results a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 8.0 which of the following action should the nurse take
initiate seizure precautions
