fluid and electrolytes

Question 1

essential electrolytes

necessary for

Answer 1

nerve conduction

muscle contraction

bone growth/repair

maintenance of cardiovascular system

Question 2

how are electrolyte levels maintained

Answer 2

kidney (main area for excretion)

GI system (waste excretion)

Question 3

CMP

Answer 3

tell you all your electrolytes

Question 4

3 most essential electrolytes

Answer 4

calcium
sodium
potassium

Question 5

supplemental iv solutions

Answer 5

sodium (sodium chloride (normal saline)

potassium (dont PUSH iv potassium) (usually added)

magnesium (usually just added) can be given IVPB

calcium (po supplement or IVP (given slow can hurt tissue)

Question 6

hypertonic solution

Answer 6

solution higher than 0.9%

intracellular fluid leaves the cell

shrinks cell

Question 7

hypotonic solution

Answer 7

solution lower than 0.9%

fluid flow into cells

cells swell

Question 8

crystalloid solutions

Answer 8

used to replace fluids and urine output

*NS, LR

Question 9

colloid solutions

Answer 9

pull fluid from cells into the blood (protein based)

*albumin

Question 10

blood products

Answer 10

used if blood loss is large (trauma)

Question 11

hypervolemia
tx
LABs
vitals

Answer 11

Diuresis: diuretics

Dialysis: filters blood and pulls off excess fluid

stopping IV solutions and allow body to correct it

LABS: decreased b their diluted

VItals: ↑BP and HR can be up or down

Question 12

hypovolemia
TX
LABS
Vitals

Answer 12

TX:
oral intake of fluids
replace what is lost (blood or fluid)
crystalloid solutions

LABs: increased bc their concentrated

Vitals: ↑HR ↓BP