fluid and electrolyte movement

Question 1

what is the absorption of water diven by

Answer 1

transport of solutes (na+) from lumen of intestines to bloodstrean

Question 2

what does reabsorption of na+ in intestine drive

Answer 2

water reabsorption in gi tract

Question 3

diarrhoea

Answer 3

loss of fluid and solutes from gi tract

Question 4

how may water mvoe

Answer 4

via transcellular or paraceullar routes

Question 5

what are the mechanisms of postprandial na+ absorption in jejenum

Answer 5

na+/glucose and na+/ amino acid cotransport

Question 6

where does na+/h+ exchnage occur

Answer 6

in jejenum at both apical and basolateral membranes

Question 7

what are the apical membranes

Answer 7

nhe2 and nhe3

Question 8

what are the basolateral membranes

Answer 8

nhe1

Question 9

what contributes to the transepithelial movement of na+

Answer 9

nhe2 and nhe3

Question 10

what is the cellular ph hosuekeepr

Answer 10

nhe1

Question 11

what is the primary mechanisms of na+ absorpption iin the interdigestive period

Answer 11

na+/h+ and cl-/hc03 exchnage occuring in ileum and proximal colon

Question 12

what is a cause of diarrhoea

Answer 12

reduction in nacl absorption

Question 13

what mediates electrogenuc na+ absooprtin in distal colo

Answer 13

epithelial na+ channels

Question 14

how does cl absorption occur

Answer 14

passively via transcellular or paracellular routes

Question 15

how does cl secretion occur

Answer 15

from crypt cells

Question 16

what does low intracellular na+ drive

Answer 16

inward movement of na+, k|+ and cl- via NKCC1how

Question 17

does potassium recycle

Answer 17

via k+ channels

Question 18

normally, why does little secretion of cl- occur

Answer 18

due to apical CFTR either being closed or not present

Question 19

when does secretion of cl occur

Answer 19

when cftr is indirectly acivated by bacterial enterotoxins, several hormones and neurotransmitters, immune cells products and some laxatives

Question 20

what if the overall effect of of cftr

Answer 20

secretory diarrhoea

Question 21

causes of diarrhoea

Answer 21

impaired absirption of nacl
excess bile acid in colon congenital defects

Question 22

drugs with antidiarrhoeal activity

Answer 22

opiods; codeine , loperamide