Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Chp 27

Question 1

What is the average percent of water by total body weight?

Answer 1

55-80%

Question 2

Where is the intracellular fluid found?

Answer 2

inside of cells

Question 3

Where is the extracellular fluid found?

Answer 3

all fluid outside the confines of the plasma membranes that contain all intracellular contents

Question 4

What is an example of interstitial fluid

Answer 4

fluid in the tissue

Question 5

What is an example of intravascular fluid

Answer 5

blood, plasma

Question 6

What are the major ions found in ECF?

Answer 6

sodium, chloride, calcium and bicarbonate

Question 7

What are the major ions found in ICF?

Answer 7

potassium, magnesium, phosphate and sulfate

Question 8

How does a person get most of their fluid?

Answer 8

through ingestion

Question 9

How does a person get rid of most of their fluid?

Answer 9

through the kidneys (urine)

Question 10

What are electrolytes?

Answer 10

molecules that release ions in H2O

Question 11

What are the four general functions of electrolytes?

Answer 11

control osmosis of water, help maintain acid-base balance, carry electrical current, serve as cofactors

Question 12

What are the most important causes of edema?

Answer 12

increased BP, increase in capillary permeability, decrease in concentration of plasma proteins, obstruction in lymphatic drainage

Question 13

What should the systemic arterial blood pH be between?

Answer 13

7.35-7.45

Question 14

How does the buffer system help with acid-base balance?

Answer 14

binds to H and OH until they can be permanently excreted

Question 15

How do the kidneys help maintain acid-base balance?

Answer 15

excretion/reabsorption of hydrogen or bicarb

Question 16

Define respiratory acidosis

Answer 16

high CO2 levels due to hypoventilation

Question 17

Define respiratory alkalosis

Answer 17

low CO2 levels due to hyperventilation

Question 18

Define metabolic acidosis

Answer 18

whenever non-respiratory acids accumulate, seen in DKA

Question 19

Define metabolic alkalosis

Answer 19

whenever non-respiratory acids are lost, seen in vomiting

Question 20

De-

Answer 20

separation from

Question 21

intra-

Answer 21

within

Question 22

edem-

Answer 22

swelling

Question 23

neutr-

Answer 23

neither one nor the other

Question 24

-emia

Answer 24

a blood condition

Question 25

-osis

Answer 25

a state of

Question 26

extra-

Answer 26

outside

Question 27

-uria

Answer 27

a urine condition

Question 28

im-

Answer 28

not

Question 29

How much does intracellular fluid comprise of all body fluids?

Answer 29

2/3

Question 30

How much does extracellular fluid comprise of all body fluids?

Answer 30

1/3