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Biology > Flower > Flashcards

Flower Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a flower? How many whorls does it have?

A

A flower is a specialized shoot in which the leaves are modified into floral parts. It consists of 4 whorls.

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2
Q

What is the receptacle? Where is it located?

A

The receptacle is the enlarged tip of the stalk that forms a cup shape. It is located at the tip of the pedicel (below the flower).

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3
Q

What are the stamens? What are they collectively called?

A

The stamens are the long thread-like structure, projecting outward and ending in a bilobed tip. They are called the androecium.

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4
Q

What does a carpel consist of?

A
  • Basal ovary
  • Middle style
  • Upper stigma
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5
Q

Name the essential and non-essential parts of a flower? Why are they called so?

A

Essential - Stamens and Carpels
Non-essential - Sepals and Petals
Essential parts are directly involved with reproduction while non-essential are not.

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6
Q

What are tepals? What are they collectively called?

A

When the sepals and petals look very similar and cannot be differentiated they are called tepals which are collectively called perianth.

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7
Q

What is a green perianth called?

A
  • Sepaloid perianth
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8
Q

What is a bract? Give an example of a flower with a bract.

A

The flower arises in the axil of a leaf like structure called a bract which can be green or coloured. Eg - Bougainvillea

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9
Q

What are nectaries? Where are they prominent?

A

Group of cells which secrete nectar ( Sweet fragrant liquid). They are prominent in Nasturtium.

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10
Q

Give 2 examples of hermaphrodite flowers.

A

Hibiscus and lily

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11
Q

Fill in the blanks:
Flowers with only one reproductive part are called ___(1)___. Like ___(2)___ and ___(3)___. If it contains only the male part is is called ___(4)___ and if it contains only the female part it is called ___(5)___

A

1 - Unisexual
2 - Papaya
3 - Palm
4 - Staminate flower
5 - Pistillate flower

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12
Q

What is a neuter flower? Give an example.

A

Lacking both male and female reproductive parts.
Eg - Ray florets of sunflower

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13
Q

What are polysepalous flowers? How are they different from gamosepalous?

A
  • Sepals are free
  • Sepals are fused
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14
Q

Which plant has red sepals?

A

Gul Mohar

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15
Q

What are the episepals?

A

Second series of sepals on a flower (Hibiscus). They are collectively called the epicalyx.

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16
Q

What is the function of the sepals?

A
  • To protect the young flower bud and perform photosynthesis if they are green.
17
Q

Give an example of double whorled petals. What other ways can they be arranged in?

A
  • Poppy
  • Spirally like in water lily
18
Q

What are free or fused petals called?

A

Polypetalous
Gamopetalous

19
Q

State the function of petals.

A

Use colour and fragrance to attract insects for pollination and to protect the male and female parts.

20
Q

Describe the filament and the another.

A

THe filament is long and is attached to the anther on its externity which is two lobed and each lobe containing 2 sacs of pollen grains.

21
Q

What are pollen grains?

A

Powdery particles of different shapes and sizes.

22
Q

Where are stamens polyandrous?

A

Petunia
(Joined in 1/2/more groups in others)

23
Q

What are monadelphous, Diadelphous and Polydelphous flowers/stamens?

A
  1. Filaments united in 1 group
  2. FIlaments in 2 bundles
  3. Filaments in multiple bundles
24
Q

WHat is the stigma? How is it different from the style?

A

Stigma is the terminal knob-like part divided into loves and serves as the landing site for the pollen grains. On the other hand, the style is it slender stalk which connects the stigma and ovary.

25
Q

What are ovules? What attaches the ovules to the wall of the ovary?

A

THe round bodies located in the locules (chambers) of the swollen basal portion, ovary. It is attached to the ovary with the Placenta.

26
Q

What is inflorescence?

A

Mode of arrangement of flowers on the axis of a plant.

27
Q

What is placentation?

A

Manner in which the ovules are arranged to the wall of the ovary.

28
Q

Different types of inflorescence?

A
  • Singly at the apex of main stem or lateral branches
  • In the axils of leaves
  • Growing out from the axils and reaching to the same level
  • Axis is laterally flattened making a disc (sunflower) youngest flowers in center and oldest at periphery.

Biology (3 decks)

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