flip_cards_psychosis Flashcards
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What is trauma?
Trauma is a deeply distressing or disturbing event that has measurable impacts on an individual.
Name examples of childhood trauma linked to psychosis.
- Loss of a parent (by death or separation)
- Bullying by peers
- Growing up in institutional care
- History of sexual, physical, or emotional abuse
What are common adult traumatic experiences linked to psychosis?
- Disasters
- Domestic violence
- Torture
- Traumatic bereavement
- Sexual or physical abuse/assault
- Accidents
How can psychotic episodes or treatments be traumatic?
- Hallucinations and delusions can be terrifying.
- Paranoid delusions cause fear of harm or threats to life.
- Admission to a mental hospital can lead to PTSD symptoms.
Explain Theory 1 of how trauma contributes to psychosis.
Childhood trauma impacts brain mechanisms that handle stress. Stress exposure elevates dopamine levels, which can lead to psychosis.
What are post-traumatic symptoms that mimic psychosis?
- Flashbacks and nightmares
- Hearing voices
- Avoidance of trauma reminders
- Hypervigilance and detachment
How can cannabis contribute to psychosis?
THC, a component of cannabis, binds to cannabinoid receptors, overactivating the endocannabinoid system. This dysregulates dopamine and increases inflammation, both linked to psychosis.
What is the relationship between psychosis and inflammation?
- Cytokines affect dopamine, contributing to psychosis.
- Chronic inflammation impacts brain perception and thought.
- Stress-related inflammation heightens psychosis risk.
What are common side effects of old antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol?
- Sedation
- Dysphoria
- Muscle stiffness
- Increased prolactin (breast swelling, sexual dysfunction)
What does Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) involve?
One-on-one therapy for psychosis patients or with family, typically over 20 sessions in 6 months. Focuses on addressing symptoms and improving coping mechanisms.
