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FPC > Flight Physiology > Flashcards

Flight Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to the volume of a gas at a constant temperature.

A

Boyle’s Law

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2
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to the volume of a gas at a constant temperature.

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3
Q

Boyle’s formula

A

P1V1 = P2V2

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4
Q

Boyle’s Law affects:

A

ETT cuffs (9x the volume)
MAST trousers
air splints
IV drip rates (air in bag expands and increases rate)

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5
Q

If pneumocephalus present, intracranial pressure will

A

increase

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6
Q

Dalton’s Law

A

The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of all the gases in the mixture.

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7
Q

The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of all the gases in the mixture.

A

Dalton’s Law

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8
Q

Law of Partial Pressures (additive gas law)

A

Dalton’s Law

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9
Q

This law is responsible for soft tissue swelling at altitude (uptake of inert gases into tissue).

A

Dalton’s Law

Pt = P1+P2+P3+P4…+Pn

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10
Q

Charles’ Law

A

At a constant pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.

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11
Q

At a constant pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.

A

Charles’ Law

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12
Q

This law has very little effect on the human body

A

Charles’ Law

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13
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law

A

Directly proportional relationship between temperature and pressure.

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14
Q

Directly proportional relationship between temperature and pressure.

A

Gay-Lussac’s Law

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15
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law formula

A

P1/T1 = P2/T2

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16
Q

Charles’ Law formula

A

V1/T1 = V2/T2

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17
Q

Gay-Lussac’s example:

A

add air to tires in winter (colder temps, lower pressure)

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18
Q

Graham’s Law

A

Law of gaseous diffusion

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19
Q

Law of gaseous diffusion

A

Graham’s Law

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20
Q

Gas exchange at the cellular level

A

Graham’s Law

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21
Q

The rate of diffusion of a gas through a liquid medium is directly related to the solubility of the gas and inversely proportional to the square root of its density

A

Graham’s Law

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22
Q

Graham’s Law

A

The rate of diffusion of a gas through a liquid medium is directly related to the solubility of the gas and inversely proportional to the square root of its density

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23
Q

Graham’s Law limits the ability of gas to move through

A

liquid

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24
Q

Henry’s Law

A

Solubility of gas in liquid

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25
Q

Solubility of gas in liquid

A

Henry’s Law

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26
Q

Henry’s Law

A

The quantity of gas dissolved in 1 cm3 (1mL) of a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid.

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27
Q

The quantity of gas dissolved in 1 cm3 (1mL) of a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid.

A

Henry’s Law

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28
Q

Law associated with decompression sickness

A

Henry’s Law

29
Q

Affects divers, can lead to decompression sickness (“the bends”).

A

Henry’s Law

30
Q

The most common form of decompression sickness:

A

The Bends

31
Q

Boyle’s Pneumonic

A

Balloon

Barotrauma

32
Q

Boyle’s example(s):

A

Air filled medical device expansion
Pneumocephalus
AGE

33
Q

Dalton’s Pneumonic

A

Dalton’s Gang

34
Q

Dalton’s example(s):

A

Soft tissue swelling at altitude

35
Q

Charles’ Pneumonic

A

Charging Charles

36
Q

Charles’ example(s):

A

oxygen tank getting hot when filled

37
Q

Graham’s Pneumonic

A

Grey matter

38
Q

Graham’s example(s):

A

gas bubbles from exposed grey matter

39
Q

Henry’s Pneumonic

A

Heineken

40
Q

Henry’s example(s):

A

decompression sickness (the bends)

41
Q

Decompression sickness such as the “Bends” is related to which law

A

Henry’s Law

42
Q

How many types of decompression sickness are there?

A

6

43
Q

Type I Decompression Sickness signs/symptoms:

A

nitrogen related painful joints, mottled skin, pruritic itching

44
Q

Patient may have this sensation in Type I Decompression Sickness:

A

ants crawling on skin

45
Q

Cutis marmorata

A

mottle skin associated with Type I decompression sickness; can look like a sunburn

46
Q

Type II Decompression Sickness signs/symptoms:

A

neurologic s/s

hypovolemic shock

47
Q

In all diving injuries/decompression sickness, this type of transport is preferred:

A

Ground

48
Q

Arterial Gas Embolism (AGE) is related to which law?

A

Boyle’s (barotrauma)

49
Q

(AGE) Breath holding during ascent on a dive, air pushes through the alveoli and enters the skin in the neck/chest causing a:

A

Pneumothorax

50
Q

(AGE) Air is forced into blood vessels; bubbles block blood vessels, causing:

A

ischemia

51
Q

(AGE) Patient presents with stroke-like symptoms (AMS, syncope, dizziness) and may also have a:

A

cough and epistaxis

52
Q

AGE requires immediate:

A

hyperbaric treatment

53
Q

Patients with AGE must fly in a

A

pressurized aircraft (fixed wing) or rotary wing <1000ft MSL

54
Q

Pulmonary overpressurization (POP) is related to which law?

A

Boyle’s Law

55
Q

The greatest pressure differences are just below the surface of the water:

A

= 4 foot depth

56
Q

(POP) A syndrome that occurs when “breath holding” compressed air during ascent causes:

A

lung over-expansion
ruptures alveoli
pneumothorax
mediastinal emphysema

57
Q

(POP) is common in

A

inexperienced divers

58
Q

(Atmosphere calculations)

Every 33 feet below water is:

A

1 atmosphere

59
Q

(Atmosphere calculations)

Sea level =

A

1 ATM

60
Q

(Atmosphere calculation)

33 feet under water =

A

2 ATM

61
Q

(Atmosphere calculation)

66 feet under water =

A

3 ATM

62
Q

ATM may also be written as

A

atmospheres absolute, or ATA

63
Q

Diver’s Alert Network (DAN)

A

24 hour hotline for diving related injuries and questions

64
Q

DAN network website

A

www.diversalertnetwork.org

65
Q

DAN hotline

A

(919) 684-9111

66
Q

AGL

A

above ground level

67
Q

ASL

A

above sea level

68
Q

MSL

A

mean sea level

69
Q

ASL and MSL are

A

equivalent

FPC (17 decks)

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