Flight Fundamentals (3-04.203) Flashcards
Three requirements for dynamic rollover (1-200)
Pivot point
Rolling motion
Exceeding critical angle
First step of dynamic rollover is (1-201)
Pivoting around a ground contact point (wheel)
As the rate of the rolling motion increases, the critical angle is (1-202)
Reduced
Rollover can occur on takeoff if (1-206)
A wheel or skid is stuck
The ability to interpret terrain during night flight is determined by (4-22)
Flight method Aided or unaided flight (NVG) Ambient light Aircrew ability to employ proper technique
The ability to detect objects at night depends on (4-23)
Object size, shape, contrast Effective use of night scanning techniques
Contrast of an object depends on (4-26)
Ambient light Texture of the object Background Illumination of the object
What factors affect your ability to interpret terrain? (4-28)
Ambient light Viewing distance Flight altitude Moon angle Weather Terrain Season Type of NVG
How does ambient light affect terrain interpretation? (4-30)
Degree of contrast between objects
How does viewing distance affect terrain interpretation? (4-31)
Perceived size of the object and ease of recognition
How does flight altitude affect terrain interpretation? (4- 32-34)
High altitude - greater field of vision, reduced object size, reduced contrast Low altitude - increased object size, increased contrast, reduced field of vision, ability to silhouette objects on skyline
How does moon angle affect terrain interpretation? (4- 35-36)
High angle - greater illumination, reduced shadows Low angle - lower illumination, increased shadows, ability to silhouette objects on skyline
How does weather affect terrain interpretation? (4-38)
Inclement weather (snow, rain, fog) reduces visual distance, reduces ambient light, and reduces visual acuity
How does terrain type affect terrain interpretation? (4- 39-44)
Determines quantity of reflected light from the surface.
How does season affect terrain interpretation? (4- 45-51)
Summer - reduced recognition of objects by contrast, increased cover due to foliage Winter - improved contrast and recognition of terrain features (reduced foliage), often more cloudy (reduced ambient light), heavy snow may offer concealment of terrain/man-made objects
Some of the best navigational cues are (4-58)
Man-made features
The types of man-made features that can be used for navigation include (4-58)
Roads, intersections, bridges, railroads, buildings, and cemeteries
The AN/AVS6 has how large a field of view? (4-68)
40 deg
The AN/AVS6 amplifies ambient light by what factor? (4-68)
2000-3000x
The AN/AVS6 low battery warning is located where? (4-68)
On the visor mount
Due to the location of the low battery warning light, it is most easily seen by whom? (4-68)
Another crew member
The amount of counterweight that can be used with the NVG is (4-69)
12-22 ounces
NVGs do not __ an image, they __ (4-71)
magnify, enhance illumination
How do NVGs distort an image? (4- 75-76)
Depth perception Distance estimation Color discrimination
What is the proper method for scanning with NVGs? (4-78)
Rotate eyes and head slowly and continuously
What factors increase risk of spatial disorientation when wearing NVGs? (4-81)
Rapid bank angles or attitude changes
What color lighting is meant to be used with the AN/AVS6? (4-86)
Blue/green
What color lighting is not meant to be used with the AN/AVS6? (4-86)
Red (not authorized)
What are the most common ground landing aids, and when should you expect to see them? (4-150)
inverted Y - US forces T - NATO forces
The inverted Y is best used for landing when (4-151)
Terrain flight landings
The T is best used for landings when (4-152)
Approaches from >500’ AGL
The desired touchdown point with the inverted Y is (4-151)
Inside the Y aligned with the stem
How do emergency procedures differ between day and night? (4-158)
No difference, except may take longer to respond at night
Shoring is used for (2-39)
Increasing weight distribution of a load that exceeds floor limitation
The strongest directional force to act on cargo in the event of a crash is most likely (2-49)
Forward
The amount of restraint required to keep cargo from moving in any direction is called __ and expressed in __ (2-49)
Restraint criteria, G’s
Define prepared cargo (2-50)
Cargo carried in containers equipped with tie-down devices, or equipment with attached tie-down points
Define miscellaneous cargo (2-50)
Cargo not in containers, or cargo without tie-down provisions
To calculate tie-down requirements, you must know (2-54)
- Weight of cargo - Restraint criteria - Strength of tie-downs used - % Effectiveness
The formula to calculate number of tie-downs required is (2-55)
Weight of Load * Restraint Criteria ————————————————- Weakest Link * % Effectiveness
The Army regulation regarding flight fundamentals is
AR 3.04-203
What are the three modes of terrain flight? (5-10)
Define Nap of the Earth (NoE) flight (5-11)
NOE flight is conducted at varying airspeeds as close to the earth’s surface as vegetation and
obstacles permit.
For NVG training, NOE flight is further defined as operating with the skids or wheels up
to 25 feet above trees and vegetation in the flight path.
Define contour flight (5-12)
Contour flight is conducted at low altitudes conforming to the earth’s contours. It is characterized by relatively constant airspeeds and varying altitude as dictated by terrain and obstacles.
For NVG training, contour flight is further defined as operating with the skids or wheels between 25 and 80 feet above highest obstacle
Define contour flight (5-13)
Aviators perform low-level flight at constant altitude and airspeed, dictated by threat avoidance.
For NVG training, low-level flight is further defined as operating with the skids or wheels between 80 and 200 feet above the highest obstacle
