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software engineering > Flashcards - FSE Week 5 Computer Science Study Set > Flashcards

Flashcards - FSE Week 5 Computer Science Study Set

1
Q

What is Architectural Design concerned with?

A

Understanding how a software system should be organised and designing the overall structure of that system.

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2
Q

What is a critical link between design and requirements engineering?

A

Architectural design, as it identifies the main structural components in a system and the relationships between them.

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3
Q

What is the importance of selecting an appropriate architecture?

A

It determines how well the system can meet its non-functional requirements and facilitates stakeholder communication.

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4
Q

What do architectural representations often lack?

A

Semantics and detailed relationships between entities.

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5
Q

What type of diagrams are frequently used for documenting software architectures?

A

Simple, informal block diagrams showing entities and relationships.

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6
Q

What is a Layered Architecture used for?

A

To model the interfacing of sub-systems and organize the system into layers that provide a set of services.

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7
Q

What is a key advantage of clearly defining an architecture?

A

It allows for stakeholder communication and analysis of system capabilities.

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8
Q

What do architectural patterns describe?

A

Good design practice that has been tried and tested in different environments.

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9
Q

What are common application architectures used for?

A

They serve as a configuration template to adapt and create systems that meet specific application requirements.

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10
Q

What type of applications are Data processing applications?

A

Data-driven applications that process data without explicit user intervention, such as salary payment systems.

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11
Q

What does a Transaction Processing System do?

A

Processes user requests for information or updates from a database.

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12
Q

What is the role of the Application server in a multi-tier system?

A

It is responsible for implementing application-specific logic and information storage and retrieval requests.

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13
Q

What differentiates Client-Server Architecture?

A

It shows how data and processing are distributed across various components (servers and clients).

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14
Q

In an e-commerce system, what does the application-specific layer support?

A

A ‘shopping cart’ functionality for users to manage items in a single transaction.

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15
Q

What is a disadvantage of Box and Line diagrams?

A

They do not demonstrate the nature of component relationships or the properties of subsystems in detail.

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16
Q

What involves asynchronous service requests in a transaction?

A

A coherent sequence of operations that corresponds to a user’s goal, processed by a transaction manager.

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17
Q

How can application architectures assist a development team?

A

They provide a starting point for architectural design and a means of assessing components for reuse.

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18
Q

What are User communications a part of in Information Systems Architecture?

A

They are one of the layers in the generic architecture that interacts with users.

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19
Q

What is the primary function of the Database server in a multi-tier client-server architecture?

A

To handle transaction management and move information to and from the database.

20
Q

What should architectural patterns include information about?

A

When they are useful and when they are not useful.

21
Q

Which architecture organizes systems into layers with separate responsibilities?

A

Layered Architecture.

22
Q

What is the primary focus of Week 5 in the Computer Science course?

A

System Modelling

23
Q

What does UML stand for?

A

Unified Modeling Language

24
Q

What are the four fundamental system modeling perspectives?

A

Context, Interaction, Structure, Behavior

25
Q

What is the purpose of Use Case Modeling?

A

To describe a system’s functional requirements

26
Q

Who are considered stakeholders in system development?

A

Anyone affected by or able to influence the system

27
Q

What is a use case?

A

It represents a valuable interaction with the system

28
Q

What constitutes a Class Diagram in UML?

A

A static structure diagram representing entities and their relationships

29
Q

What do actors represent in a Use Case Model?

A

Roles that interact with the system

30
Q

What are the main components of a use case text description?

A

Normal flow of events and alternative flow of events

31
Q

What is the first step in creating a Use-case Model?

A

Identify actors and use cases in the scenario

32
Q

How are relationships between actors and use cases represented in a diagram?

A

Using lines and arrowheads to indicate communication

33
Q

What should use case names typically begin with?

A

A verb

34
Q

What is the significance of a primary key in classes?

A

It ensures each instance of the class has a unique identifier

35
Q

What does an aggregation in class modelling signify?

A

A whole-part relationship between classes

36
Q

What is Inheritance in Object Oriented Design?

A

A mechanism where a child class inherits features from a parent class

37
Q

What are potential factors contributing to software failure?

A

Misunderstood requirements, frequent changes, lack of communication

38
Q

What is the benefit of using diagrams in system modeling?

A

To create appropriate abstractions for system representation

39
Q

What types of diagrams can be used in system modelling?

A

Class diagrams, use case diagrams, interaction diagrams

40
Q

What do contextual models focus on?

A

The environment in which the system operates

41
Q

What is the last step in the process of identifying use cases?

A

Detail the flows in order of priority

42
Q

What should be included in an actor’s description?

A

The actor’s responsibility and needs from the system

43
Q

What are the typical entities in a Class Diagram?

A

Customers, Companies, Payments

44
Q

What term describes the flow of events in a Use Case?

A

A sequence of actions producing an observable result

45
Q

What is meant by ‘Functional Requirements’?

A

Requirements describing what the system should do

46
Q

What is the importance of accurately capturing requirements?

A

To meet customer needs and ensure project success

software engineering (10 decks)

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