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My ICND1 Prep > Flashcards > Flashcards

Flashcards

1
Q

To specify all hosts in the Class C IP network 192.16.8.0, what wildcard access list mask would you use?

A

0.0.0.255

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2
Q

What access list will allow only web traffic into network 196.15.7.0 from any client?

A

access-list 100 permit tcp any 196.15.7.0 0.0.0.25 eq www

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3
Q

Which router command allows you to determine whether an IP access list is enabled on a particular interface?

A

show ip interface

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4
Q

What router command allows you to view the entire contents of all access lists?

A

show access-lists

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5
Q

What do IP extended access lists use as a basis for permitting or denying packets?

A

Source and destination addresses, source and destination ports, and protocol.

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6
Q

What is the IP extended access list range?

A

100-199 and 2000-2699

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7
Q

What is the dotted-decimal equivalent of /15?

A

255.254.0.0

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8
Q

Which command applies access list 110 inbound to an interface?

A

Router(config-if)#ip access-group 110 in

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9
Q

What is a network called that is used to allow limited access to certain resources from outside the LAN?

A

DMZ

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10
Q

____________lists use the number 1-99 or 1300-1999 and filter based on source IP address only.

A

Standard IP access

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11
Q

The block size of a /26 network is _____.

A

64

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12
Q

The output of the show startup-config command comes from ______.

A

NVRAM

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13
Q

What vendor-neutral protocol works much like CDP?

A

LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol)

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14
Q

_______________lists use the range from 100 to 199 or from 2000 to 2699.

A

IP extended access

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15
Q

What type of mask do route in the routing table marked with an “L” have?

A

/32

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16
Q

True/False: Area border routers can be in only one area at a time.

A

False: Any router that is member of two areas is a border router, or an area border router (ABR), by definition.

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17
Q

Which configuration mode and command combination sets the bandwidth metric of a Frame Relay connection to 64000 bps?

A

router (config-if)#bandwidth 64

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18
Q

________ on an Ethernet network is the retransmission delay that’s enforced when a collision occurs.

A

Backoff

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19
Q

What Application layer protocols sets up a secure session that’s similar to Telnet?

A

SSH

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20
Q

What command, enabled by default starting with Cisco IOS version 12.x, allows the use of the first and last subnet in a network design?

A

ip subnet-zero

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21
Q

What mask yields only six IP addresses per subnet?

A

255.255.255.248, or /29

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22
Q

Which command backs up the Cisco IOS to a TFTP server?

A

copy flash tftp

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23
Q

What protocol resolves IP addresses to MAC address?

A

ARP

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24
Q

What command provides an excellent overview of the actual operation of all currently running protocols?

A

show ip protocols

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25
Q

Type the command that must be present for a Layer 3 switch to provide inter-VLAN routing between the two VLANs.

A

ip routing

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26
Q

Type the command that creates a named extended access list called 150.

A

ip access-list extended 150

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27
Q

In an Ethernet II frame, what is the function of the section labeled FCS?

A

Error detection

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28
Q

What mechanism is used by the client to avoid a duplicate IP address during DHCP process?

A

Gratuitous ARP

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29
Q

Which type of protocol determines the path of a packet through a network: routing or routed?

A

Routing

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30
Q

How many subnets are contained in the network 192.168.10.0 /27?

A

8 subnets

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31
Q

What IP address is called the loopback address?

A

127.0.0.1

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32
Q

What is the HyperTerminal setting for connecting to a Cisco router?

A

9600 bps, parity None, 1 stop bit, and 8 data bits

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33
Q

What type of cable is used to connect to a console port of a router?

A

Rolled/Rollover

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34
Q

What type of Ethernet cable is used to connect from a hub to a switch?

A

Crossover

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35
Q

What type of Ethernet cable is used to connect workstation to a router?

A

Crossover

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36
Q

What type of Ethernet cable is used to connect a router to a switch?

A

Straight-through

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37
Q

What type of Ethernet cable is used to connect a router to another router?

A

Crossover

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38
Q

The __________command causes the system to return you to your previous prompt after displaying a console message.

A

logging synchronous

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39
Q

True/False: OSPF uses cost as a metric.

A

True

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40
Q

What does the configuration register setting of 0x2102 do?

A

Tells the router to look in NVRAM for the boot sequence

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41
Q

Which command can be used to determine a router’s capacity to generate debug output?

A

show processes cpu

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42
Q

True/False: OSPF is called an advanced distance-vector routing protocol

A

False: EIGRP is an advanced distance-vector protocol

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43
Q

An IPv6 address is how many bits long?

A

128 bits

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44
Q

How does inter-VLAN communication take place?

A

Using a router Or layer 3 switch

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45
Q

What is the shortest possible version of this address-

2001:0db8:3c3d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab?

A

2001:00db8:3x3d:0012::1234:56ab?

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46
Q

What type of IPv6 address is delivered to a single interface?

A

Unicast

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47
Q

What is the IEEE standard frame tagging method?

A

802.1q

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48
Q

Which switching technology reduces the size of a broadcast domain?

A

VLANs

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49
Q

What is the main purpose for creating VLANs?

A

To break up broadcast domains at layer 2

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50
Q

What is a publicly routable IPv6 address called?

A

Global unicast

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51
Q

What advantage is offered by LAN segmentation?

A

More bandwidth is provided to each user.

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52
Q

What Class C mask can be used to provide seven subnets, each with 25 hosts?

A

255.255.255.224, or /27, although it actually provides a total of eight subnets, each with 30 hosts

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53
Q

_____________break up broadcast domains in layer 2 switched networks.

A

VLANs

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54
Q

__________links are used to carry VLAN information between switches.

A

Trunk

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55
Q

___________links can carry traffic for one VLAN.

A

Access

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56
Q

The typical reason for creating network segmentation is to provide more __________ to each user.

A

Bandwidth

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57
Q

What IPv6 address type is the equivalent of an Automatic Private IP (APIPPA) address?

A

Link-local

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58
Q

What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 152?

A

10011000

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59
Q

What IPv6 address type is referred to as a “one-to-nearest” address?

A

Anycast

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60
Q

What command do you use to copy a configuration from a TFTP host to a Cisco router’s DRAM on your network?

A

copy tftp running-config

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61
Q

Which memory in a Cisco router stores packet buffers and routing tables?

A

RAM

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62
Q

What IPv6 address is the equivalent of 127.0.0.1 in IPv4?

A

::1

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63
Q

What IPv6 suffix describes the multicast range?

A

FF00::/8

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64
Q

Which command will show you the IOS version running on your router?

A

show version

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65
Q

The basic IPv6 header contains how many fields?

A

8 fields

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66
Q

To copy a configuration from the Cisco router’s DRAM to a TFTP host on your network, what command can you use?

A

copy run tftp

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67
Q

If you want to suspend a Telnet session, what keystroke combination would you use?

A

Ctrl+Shift+6, then X

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68
Q

The ICMPv6 packet is identified by the value 58 in the ______field, located inside the IPv6 header.

A

Next Header

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69
Q

What component performs the function of Address REsolution Protocol in ICMPv6?

A

Neighbor discovery

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70
Q

How do IPv6 hosts receive the address of the gateway?

A

Router Solicitation

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71
Q

Which command is used to find the path a packet takes through an Internetwork?

A

traceroute

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72
Q

Using the prefix 2001:db8:1:1 /64, convert the following MAC address into a EUI-64 address: 1020:ef01:5554.

A

2001:db8:1:1:1220:efff:fe01:5554

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73
Q

When hosts make up or receive an IPv6 address, they send three _______packets out via NDP NS asking if anyone has this same address.

A

Duplicate address detection (DAD)

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74
Q

Which command displays Cisco Discovery Protocol adjacencies?

A

show cdp neighbors

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75
Q

What command will show you a directly connected router’s interface IP address?

A

show cdp neighbor detail

76
Q

What is the IPv6 version of OSPF called?

A

OSPFv3

77
Q

What is the Class C private IP address range?

A

192.168.0.0/16 (192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255)

78
Q

What is the Class B private IP address range?

A

172.16.0.0/12 (172.16.0.0 - 172.16.255.255)

79
Q

What is the Class A private IP address range?

A

10.0.0.0/8 (10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255)

80
Q

You use the ____________ command to copy a configuration of a router stored TFTP server to a router’s NVRAM.

A

copy tftp startup-config

81
Q

On which types of networks will OSPF elect a backup designated router?

A

Non-broadcast and broadcast multi-access

82
Q

____________ is used to store packet buffers and routing tables, among other things.

A

RAM

83
Q

What is the hex equivalent of 11000111?

A

C7

84
Q

The IPv6 address for an OSPF DR is_______.

A

FF02::6

85
Q

The copy running-config startup-config command copies the configuration stored in ___________to__________.

A

RAM, NVRAM

86
Q

What format of IPv6 addressing takes the unique MAC address of a host and inserts FF:FE in the middle of the address to change a 48-bit MAC address to a 64-bit interface ID?

A

EUI-64

87
Q

To keep open multiple ___________ sessions, use the Ctrl+Shift+6, then X keystroke combination.

A

Telnet

88
Q

What is the port number for Telnet?

A

23

89
Q

What is the hex equivalent of 01110101?

A

0x75. Cisco sometimes likes to show the 0x in front of hex characters.

90
Q

The ping and traceroute commands can both be used to test _________in an internetwork.

A

IP connectivity

91
Q

What standard allows the use of subnet masks other than default masks?

A

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) allows the use of subnet masks such as 255.255.224.0

92
Q

Using the prefix 2001:db8:1:1/64, convert the following MAC address into a EUI-64 address: 0b0c:abcd:1234

A

2001:db8:1:1:090c:abff:fecd:1234

93
Q

An access list will compare packets starting with the _________line.

A

first

94
Q

Incoming/outgoing packets will be compared to lines on access list until when?

A

until a match is found, then no more comparisons are made OR until a match is not found, then the implicit “deny” at the end of the access list discards the packet

95
Q

Standard Access lists only use ______________as a condition.

A

source IP address

96
Q

Access lists can filter packets going ____________ of a single interface.

A

in and out

97
Q

Inbound Access lists apply to packets going ____________.

A

outward

98
Q

Outbound Access lists filter packets going _________.

A

inward

99
Q

Where should IP standard access lists be placed?

A

as close to the destination as possible

100
Q

Where should IP extended access lists be placed?

A

as close to the source as possible

101
Q

What are the 2 systems help prevent common attacks such as a Denial of Service attack?

A

intrusion detection system (IDS) & intrusion prevention system (IPS)

102
Q

What is the device that Cisco sells that provides the IPS and IDS modules?

A

Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA)

103
Q

What is the standard IP access list number range?

A

1-99, 1300-1999 (for expanded range)

104
Q

The ____________ command is used to enable access-lists on a VTY line.

A

access-class

105
Q

How do you start off the command to create a named ACL?

A

router(config)#ip access-list

105
Q

Use the ____________ command to view all the access-lists, access-list parameters, along with statistics of how many packets were denied/permitted.

A

show access-list

106
Q

What will happen if there isn’t at least one permit rule in an access-list?

A

Effectively shuts down the interface

107
Q

Bridges use___________to create and manage Content Addressable Memory (CAM) filter table.

A

software

108
Q

Switches use______________to build and maintain their MAC filter tables.

A

application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs)

109
Q

What are the three functions of a layer 2 switch?

A

Address learning, Forward/Filter decisions, Loop avoidence

110
Q

What should you do with unused switch ports?

A

shut them down or add them to an unused VLAN

111
Q

When a switch port gets shutdown by a violator, how would you bring the interface back up?

A

shutdown, then no shutdown

112
Q

What term can some switches show that mean the same as secure-shutdown?

A

err-disabled

113
Q

For switchport security, both of these violation modes alert you via SNMP that a violation has occurred.

A

Restrict violation mode and Shutdown violation mode

114
Q

To manage a switch from a different subnet, this command needs to be present on the switch.

A

ip default-gateway

115
Q

This command will dynamically save learned MAC addresses in the running-configuration of a Cisco switch?

A

switchport port-security mac-address sticky

116
Q

What command disables the port if a security violation occurs?

A

switchport port-security violation shutdown

117
Q

What command allows a MAC address into a port of a switch?

A

switchport port-security mac address MAC ADDRESS

118
Q

The ______________command will display the routing table.

A

show ip routing

119
Q

What are the 5 minimum factors a router must have in order to route packets effectively?

A
  • destination address
  • neighboring routers to learn about remote networks
  • possible routes to those remote networks
  • best routes to each remote network
  • maintain and verify routing information
120
Q

What are the 3 types of routing?

A

static, dynamic, default

121
Q

This type of routing protocol shares routing information and automatically shares routing updates via a routing protocol.

A

Dynamic

122
Q

This routing protocol class measures hop counts to determine the best route.

A

distance vector

123
Q

In this routing protocol class routers create 3 separate tables: one for directly attached neighbors, one determines the topology of the entire internetwork, and one for the routing table.

A

Link State

124
Q

This class of routing protocol sends updates about their own connections to all directly connected routers, then is propagated on.

A

link state

125
Q

This class of routing protocol determines the lowest hop count number when deciding the best route

A

distance vector

126
Q

Prevents broadcasts of routing table updates but still allows itself to receive those updates.

A

passive-interface

127
Q

What is the command syntax for a static route?

A

[destination address] [subnet mask] [exit interface address] [administrative distance] [permanent]

128
Q

Next hop can also mean the next__________.

A

router

129
Q

_______________means the trustworthiness of a route.

A

administrative distance

130
Q

What are the 3 types of packet forwarding Cisco routers perform?

A

process switching, fast switching, and Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)

131
Q

What does [permanent] in the command syntax of creating a static route mean?

A

The route entry is kept in the routing table no matter what.

132
Q

This link-state routing protocol supports VLSM and classless routing.

A

OSPF

133
Q

______________connects multiple autonomous systems together.

A

Autonomous system boundary router (ASBR)

134
Q

What are the command syntax’s for configuring OSPF?

A

router ospf [process#1-65535]

network [ip address] [wildcard] area [#]

135
Q

_____________ are elected whenever OSPF routers are connected to the same broadcast network and is responsible for publicizing routing info to and from routers on the broadcast network.

A

designated router (DR)

136
Q

AD = 90

A

EIGRP

137
Q

AD = 100

A

IGRP

138
Q

AD = 110

A

OSPF

139
Q

AD = 115

A

IS-IS

140
Q

AD = 120

A

RIP

141
Q

IP address range for Class A = ?

A

1 - 126

142
Q

IP address range for Class B = ?

A

128 - 191

143
Q

IP address range for Class C = ?

A

192 - 223

144
Q

IP address range for Class D = ?

A

224 - 239

145
Q

IP address range for Class E = ?

A

240 - 254

146
Q

2^1

A

2

147
Q

2^2

A

4

148
Q

2^3

A

8

149
Q

2^4

A

16

150
Q

2^5

A

32

151
Q

2^6

A

64

152
Q

2^7

A

128

153
Q

2^8

A

256

154
Q

2^9

A

512

155
Q

2^10

A

1024

156
Q

2^11

A

2048

157
Q

2^12

A

4096

158
Q

Number of Hosts/Addresses formula

A

2^u - 2

159
Q

Number of Subnets formula

A

2^b

160
Q

2^u - 2

A

number of hosts

161
Q

2^b

A

number of subnets

162
Q

What multicast IP address is used to send OSPF messages to the DR?

A

224.0.0.6

163
Q

1st step in Cisco’s 4-step troubleshooting method?

A

Ping loopback addreess

164
Q

2nd step in Cisco’s 4-step troubleshooting method?

A

Ping NIC

165
Q

3rd step in Cisco’s 4-step troubleshooting method?

A

Ping deafult gateway

166
Q

4th step in Cisco’s 4-step troubleshooting method?

A

Ping remote device

167
Q

What multicast address is used to send a message to ALL OSPF routers?

A

224.0.0.5

168
Q

Stored in ROM, boots router up and then loads the IOS

A

Bootstrap

169
Q

Stored in ROM, Checks basic functionality of router hardware, and the interfaces that are present

A

POST (power-on self-test)

170
Q

Stored in ROM, runs, manufactures, tests, troubleshoots a mini-IOS when flash fails to load IOS

A

ROM monitor

171
Q

Called RXBOOT or bootloader, stored in ROM, is a small IOS that can load Cisco IOS into flash memory

A

Mini-IOS

172
Q

Holds the POST, bootstrap program, and mini-IOS. Used to start and maintain router.

A

ROM

173
Q

Stores the Cisco IOS, not erased when router is reloaded

A

flash memory

174
Q

Holds the switch/router configuration, not erased when device is reloaded, holds configuration register

A

NVRAM

175
Q

Used to control HOW the router boots up, the show version command shows it

A

configuration register

176
Q

TCP Port number

A

6

177
Q

UDP Port number

A

17

178
Q

2000::/3

A

global unicast address range

179
Q

FC00::/7

A

unique local unicast range

180
Q

FE80::/10

A

link-local unicast range

181
Q

FF00::/8

A

multicast range

182
Q

Summarizes a group of IP address into fewer.

A

NAT

183
Q

What are the 3 types of NAT?

A

static, dynamic, overloading

184
Q

_____________ is one-to-one IP address mapping between local and global addresses.

A

static NAT

185
Q

____________ maps a range of unregistered IP addresses to a registered IP address out a pool of registered addresses.

A

dynamic NAT

186
Q

_____________ maps multiple unregistered IP addresses to a single registered IP address by using different ports.

A

overloading (form of dynamic NAT)

My ICND1 Prep (4 decks)

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