Flashcards
What are the major taxonomic ranks
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
What types of sexual reproduction occur in both bacteria and protists?
Conjugation. When 2 cells make contact at cyptoplasmic bridge, plasmids are transferred and from one cell (doner) to the other (recipient), recombination of dna occurs in the recipient, bacteria separates
What are the three major cell shapes of bacteria
Spherical- cocci (pneumonia)
Rod-shapes- baccilus (ecoli)
Spiral- spirilla (lyme disease)
What process allows bacteria to divide very quickly?
Binary fission. DNA replicates, cell membrane and wall grows between the dna strands, two identical cells are produced, allows for fast rats of reproduction.
Lytic cycle
Attachment and entrance: Virus/dna/rna. enters cell cyptoplasm
Synthesis of protein and nucleic acids: dna/ rna, tells host to replicate virus
Assembly: pieces of virus are assembled
Release of new virus particles: new viruses are released and host cell dies
Lysogenic cycle
Viral dna combines with and becomes part of the host cells dna. When host cell copies own dna, the viral dna is copied. Once dna is incorporated, viral dna becomes inactive. Virus becomes part of the cell
What is the biological definition of species
A population of organisms whose members can breed freely in nature and produce fertile offspring
Why is there confusion as to whether viruses should be classified as living organisms?
Viruses are not a cell, cannot reproduce on their own. A living thing requires 1 or more cell
What are the defining characteristics of protists
-eukaryotes
-some have Chloroplasts
-cell walls in cellulose
-most unicellular
-some colonial, multicellular
-Makes own food or eats other organisms
-eg amoeba
Characteristics of fungi
-eukaryote
-cell walls of chitin
-most multicellular, some unicellular
-breaks down organic matter into nutrients
- eg mushroom, mold
Characteristics of plants
-eukaryote
-cell walls of cellulose, chloroplast
-most multicellular some unicellular
-makes it’s own food
-eg) mosses, ferns, conifers
Characteristics of animals
-eukaryote
-no cell walls of chloroplasts
-multicellular
-eats other organisms
-eg jellyfish , worms, birds
What is the ecological importance of protists and fungi
They’re decomposers and recycling nutrients.
What is the function of the vascular tissue in plants? What advantage does vascularization provide
Transports water and nutrients. Allows plants to thrive on land(dry conditions )
If you observe an animal that has a distinct head what type of symmetry and lifestyle would it have
Bilateral symmetry- adapted for movement
